Patients with schistosomiasis suffer from pelvic floor myopathic changes that may contribute to the pathogenesis of rectal prolapse in young males. The immunohistochemical findings suggest immunologic mechanism for this myopathy.

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Fluconazole is a triazole antifungal agent used for the treatment of certain superficial and systemic infections which predominantly affect immunocompromised individuals. Force-feeding toads with fluconazole at therapeutic dose level (0.26 mg/toad) for 20 weeks resulted in pronounced alterations of the blood cells of the peripheral blood. Most leucocytes showed irregularities in nuclear configuration, cytoplasmic vacuolation, pleomorphic granules and a paucity of organelles. These alterations are more or less similar to those reported in humans with leukaemia and were comparable to those observed after the administration of the carcinogenic chemical 7,12 dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA).

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a multiorgan disease that leads to neurovascular complications that disturb the normal erectile function.AimThe aim of the current work was to study the early changes occurring in the level of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and histopathological changes in penile tissues of uncontrolled diabetic rats.Materials and MethodsThis study was carried on 50 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into two main groups: group I (control, n = 10) and group II (diabetic, n = 40). Type I DM was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). The tissue level of CGRP and histopathological examination of rat penises were assessed at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after induction of DM.ResultsCGRP was higher in the diabetic group at 4, 6, and 8 weeks than in the control group. However, endothelial changes and decreased smooth muscles mass started only 2 weeks after induction of DM.ConclusionDeterioration of histopathological features of the uncontrolled diabetic rats corporeal tissues is time dependent. Furthermore, vascular changes seem to precede the neurological changes. El-Kamshoushi AAM, Abdallah WI, Helal SF, El Azhary NM, and Hassan EM. A study of the early changes of the level of calcitonin gene-related peptide and histopathology of penises of rats with experimentally induced type I diabetes mellitus by streptozocin. Sex Med 2013;1:21–29.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for erectile dysfunction. Renin-angiotensin system with its branches Angiotensin II and Angiotensin 1-7 [Ang-(1-7)] are altered in diabetes and could affect erection. So, in this study we determine the level of Ang-(1-7), nitrite (the major nitric oxide metabolite) and histopathological changes in penile tissues of type I diabetic rats. A total of 60 male albino rats were divided into two groups: group I (control) and group II (diabetic) for either 4 weeks in group IIa, or 8 weeks in group IIb. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Penile levels of Ang-(1-7), nitrite and histopathological examination were assessed at 4 and 8 weeks after diabetes induction. Results: Ang-(1-7) and nitrite were decreased in diabetic rats at 4 weeks and continued to be lower at 8 weeks for Ang-(1-7) only. Loss of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle was present in 25% and 85% of rats at 4 and 8 weeks of diabetes respectively (P < 0.001). The loss of smooth muscle was replaced by dense fibrous tissue and was correlated positively with the reduced Ang-(1-7). Conclusion: Diabetes induced progressive decrease in the release of Ang-(1-7) and nitric oxide from the corpora cavernosa in a time-dependent manner with concomitant fibro-muscular changes that end by corporal fibrosis affecting subsequently erectile functions.