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This empirical study examined the relationship between Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality types and preferred teaching methods for 507 Saint Joseph’s College of Maine undergraduate students.  The students completed two instruments: the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator®, Form M (Myers, McCaulley, Quenk, & Hammer, 1998), and a 27-item scale that measured preferred teaching methods in the classroom. Descriptive and inferential statistics indicated that the five most prominent personality types were ISFJ, ESFJ, ESFP, ENFP, and ISTJ.  Sensing-Feeling (S-F) preference was the most common followed by Sensing-Judging (S-J) preference in the top five personality types. Across all MBTI dichotomies, the students indicated a preference for teaching methods that involved lecturer-student interaction, using some visual tools such as PowerPoint, and demonstrations and practice. The least preferred teaching methods involved unscheduled quizzes, lecture where the professor talks with no visuals, and library research using experiential activities. Significant differences were obtained between the MBTI dichotomies and preferred teaching methods. The results demonstrate the importance of faculty tailoring and adjusting their instruction to accommodate the needs of their students to increase student achievement, motivation, and engagement in their classroom.

Aim/Background: The aim of this paper is to explore the appropriateness of applying the constraining aspects of the concept of "role captivity" to the experience of the caregiver of a person with dementia. Background literature was explored using the definitions of captivity in general along with an overview of zoo animals and humans involuntarily incarcerated or in kidnap/hostage situations. Methods: Defining attributes, a general definition based on the literature review, antecedents and consequences, and empirical referents are presented using the Walker and Avant concept analysis method. A model, related, and contrary case are presented to further elucidate the concept of role captivity related to caregivers.Results: Two conclusions are proffered supporting the use of this concept to describe persons in specific roles and the benefit of using the idea of role captivity to describe caregivers of persons with disruptive behaviors due to physical and mental illnesses.Recommendations: Recommendations include decreasing psychological distress and depression by moving toward a more positive view of the caregiver experience and studying socialization and technology innovations to decrease the feelings of inevitability, isolation, and loss of control in caregivers of person with dementia.

Pain is usually identified by specific behaviors driven by the need for relief; however, persons with dementia present a unique challenge for nurses in assessing and managing pain. The aim of this mixed methods study was to explore the relationship between two observational pain scales, expressed need-driven behaviors, and likelihood of medication administration for persons with dementia. The qualitative strand examined nurses' perceptions regarding facilitators and barriers to pain scale use. Quantitative data analysis indicated the Abbey Pain Scale was significantly correlated with behaviors ( r [26] = 0.41, p < 0.05) and approached significance with medication administration ( r [26] = 0.35, p = 0.067). Qualitative analysis identified three core themes: (a) Challenges in Assessing Persons With Dementia for Pain ; (b) Facilitators and Barriers to Pain Management ; and (c) Difficulty Caring for Persons With Dementia . Clinical implications suggest the need for a systematic, consistent method of observing pain-related behaviors in persons with dementia. [ Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47 (2), 21–30.]

BackgroundThe progressive nature of dementia leaves the person vulnerable and dependent on others for care. While persons with dementia often have better outcomes when cared for at home, it can lead to personal challenges and self‐neglect of the caregiver. Mindfulness‐based interventions such as yoga can lessen the potential negative effects encountered by caregivers of persons with dementia.AimThe aim of this review was to synthesise available empirical research related to the role of yoga on the biopsychosocial health outcomes for caregivers of persons with dementia population.MethodA systematic search of the databases Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Plus, Medline and PsychINFO was done using the terms “yoga” AND “caregivers or family members or informal caregivers” AND “dementia or Alzheimer's.” Using the selection process outlined by the PRISMA framework, thirty‐six studies met the initial criteria and were potentially relevant to the topic. A methodological check was performed using the critical appraisal tool of Melnyk and Fineout‐Overholt and the GRADE system of recommendation. This process led to the inclusion of four articles.FindingsFour studies were included for this review: two randomised controlled trials, a non‐randomised intervention study with a waitlist and a pilot cohort study. Three studies focused on informal caregivers and one study involved professional caregivers. In all studies, yoga practices included asanas, pranayama, relaxation and meditation. This integrative review recommended that yoga may be useful in reducing stress, depression and anxiety while increasing quality of life indicators, vitality indicators, self‐compassion scores, mindfulness attention, sleep quality and diastolic blood pressure. Outcomes that were not significantly changed were caregiver burden, systolic blood pressure and heart rate. However, the level of evidence was moderate with small sample sizes suggesting additional research is needed to include well‐designed randomised controlled trials with larger sample sizes.