OF TRENDS OF CREDIT SERVICES OF COMMERCIAL BANKS TO HOUSEHOLDS IN UKRAINE У статті проаналізовано динаміку кредитів в Україні за 2005-2018 рр. Показано рівень кредитів домогосподарств в їх загальному обсязі. Наведено та проаналізовано динаміку та структуру спо живчих кредитів домогосподарств за строками надання за 2005-2018 рр. Наведено дані щодо кре дитів, наданих фізичним особам підприємцям. Визначено, що обсяги їх кредитування не сприяють активності малого та мікро-підприємництва. В динаміці за 2009-2016 рр. показані середньозва жені процентні ставки в річному обчисленні по кредитам. Визначено, що протягом 2009-2016 рр. відбувалося постійне зростання загального рівня процентних ставок. Зазначено, що основна про блема щодо можливості кредитування домогосподарств полягає у підвищенні рівня доходів насе лення. Зазначено, що для відновлення активного кредитування необхідно започаткувати роботу Кре дитного реєстру, знизити обсяги проблемної заборгованості, посилити захист прав споживачів та кредиторів. The article analyzes the dynamics of loans in Ukraine for 2005-2018. The level of household loans is shown in their total volume. Based on the NBU data, it was determined that the largest amounts of household loans were received for consumer needs. Of the total loans granted by banks to households, consumer loans accounted for 74%, the share of loans for the purchase, construction and reconstruction of household real estate amounted to 26%. The dynamics and structure of consumer loans of households by terms of provision for 2005-2018 years are presented and analyzed. It is determined that in the structure of loans granted by commercial banks, households are dominated by short term loans. In the course of the research it was discovered that the population predominantly receives consumer loans for the purchase of goods (household or computer equipment, furniture, etc.). It was noted that consumer loans during the last 10 years made up 56.8%-71%. It is determined that the predominance of consumer loans is explained by the simple procedure of registration, which mainly takes place in the trade establishments. Data on loans granted to individuals to entrepreneurs are given. It was determined that for individuals entrepreneurs in the years 2017-2018 loans were granted in the amount of 3.9-4.9 billion UAH, which is less than 1% in relation to the total. It is determined that such a sum of credits can not be considered positive, because it does not promote the activity of small and micro entrepreneurship. In dynamics for 2009-2016 years are shown average weighted interest rates in the annual calculation of loans. The analysis showed that during 2009-2016. there was a steady increase in the general level of interest rates, they still remain quite high today.

Primary leiomyosarcomas of the colon (PLC) are rare tumors, representing 0.12% of all colon malignancies. We report a 59-year-old man with weight loss, mild anemia, and rectal bleeding. Colonoscopy revealed a 3.2 × 2.6-cm mass at the ileocecal valve. Histopathological examination of the biopsy showed a spindle cell neoplasm that stained positive for smooth muscle actin, caldesmon, and desmin. A diagnosis of PLC was made. Subsequently, a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy was performed, and no local recurrence was noted 6 months after the resection. Given the rarity of PLC, more studies on the clinical features and treatments of this tumor are warranted.

The article states that the constant interaction of the insurance company through investing in the real sector is the most important task for the progressive development of the domestic economy. It is shown that in industrialized countries the attitude to the insurance market is defined as a strategic sector of the economy and a powerful factor of positive influence on it. It is noted that the problem of attracting investment resources is that large insurance companies, which are the main accumulators of cash resources, are unable to organize full-fledged investment activities with a large number of medium and small enterprises. The article proposes a simplified scheme of complex interaction of participants in the investment process of the real sector of the economy, which is based on financial, economic and mixed (financial and economic) internal and external relations between all stakeholders of the market economy. In accordance with the proposed scheme, three cases of implementation of the proposed scheme and the implementation of relevant financial instruments have been identified. The substantiation of necessity of introduction of the offered scheme both for the enterprises of real sector of economy, and the insurance companies is given. The correspondence of the volume of investments and efficiency of operations of the insurance company is schematically given. The basic conditions of realization in practice of the offered mechanism of interaction of the enterprises and insurance companies are defined. The expected benefits for participants of such schemes of interaction are defined. A form of stimulating the investment process through insurance companies of the real sector of the economy through full or partial compensation of the insurance company by local budgets for the lost part of the profit is also proposed. It is noted that the implementation of this scheme of cooperation can be carried out on the basis of an agreement between local authorities, insurance company and enterprise. It is determined that such a policy of local authorities will provide real investment in regional enterprises, growth in production, employment, which in turn will increase tax revenues to the local budget.

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The approach to image segmentation is reviewed in the article. The method of highlighting significant contours in the image is reviewed. Some structures in the image attract attention more than others due to certain distinctive properties. The article reviews the approach of highlighting significant structures in the image representing the areas of candidates identifying the object in the video frame for mobile platforms. For example, such shapes can be smoother, longer and closed. Such structures are called significant. It would be expedient to use only these significant structures to increase the speed of image recognition by computer vision methods focused on the contour selection. This approach allocates the computing resources only to significant structures, thus reducing the total computation time. Since the image consists of many pixels and links between them, which are called edges, significant structures can be measured. The article presents an approach to measuring the structure significance that largely coincides with human perception. Some image structures attract our attention without the need for a systematic scan of the entire image. In most cases, this significance represents the structure properties as a whole, i.e. parts of the structure cannot be isolated. This article presents a measure of significance based on the measurement of length and curvature. The measure highlights structures characteristic of human perception, and they often correspond to objects of interest in the image. A method is presented for calculating significance using an iterative scheme combined into a single local network for processing elements. The optimization approach to represent a processed image highlighting significant locations is used in the network.