The article talks about the author's improvement of the training of skilled workers for professional activity and its effectiveness. The purpose of the research is a theoretical study of the problems of organizing the training of skilled workers and experimental verification, proposed by the authors of the organization within the framework of the experiment. The research methods are theoretical (analysis, synthesis, modeling, comparison, systematization, generalization) and empirical (a wide range of diagnostic techniques), as well as methods of mathematical statistics with testing the null hypothesis by the chi-squared test. New information and digital technologies based on the use of personal computers and multimedia tools were widely used during the training. Extracurricular work in general, general technical and special disciplines, which was carried out according to our methodology was systematic, its content was focused on the professions that are mastered by students of vocational education schools (VES). Percentages that reflect the number of correct answers at higher levels (III-IV) in the experimental groups exceed similar indicators for control groups with a reliability of 95-99.9%. Thus, the examination of the pedagogical capabilities of the proposed organization of training in VES confirmed that it provides high results of training of skilled workers in vocational education institutions. International significance of the article. The article proposes the author's effective (experimentally verified) organization of training for transitional education systems in developing countries. This system can become the basis for the development of national systems for organizing vocational education in post-totalitarian countries.

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical aspects of professional training of educational managers within the requirements of modern transformational society. In the conditions of the prevailing postmodernism new requirements to the manager of education as the specialist and as the person are allocated, according to what the emphasis on the influence of such processes as globalization, informatization, and innovative development on the preparation of modern experts in management is made. Changes in the educational paradigm indicate the need for a specialist with universal abilities, able to quickly adapt to new socio-economic and social changes and effectively perform their professional duties. The analysis of the newest tendencies in pedagogical education proves the growth of requirements to professionally significant qualities of the head of a modern educational institution. Based on a thorough analysis, the features of professional competence of education managers, their professionally important and personal qualities that determine their professional activity are determined. Among the main professionally significant qualities of an education manager are such as strategic thinking, readiness for self-development, ability to make operational decisions, special and general abilities, positive motivation of professional activity, cross-cultural competence, emotional intelligence and cognitive empathy, effective time management. It is established that the effectiveness of management activities of a modern education manager is determined by his ability to properly assess the business environment, set complex but achievable goals, organize staff for their implementation.

The article identifies the main problems of the organization, the features of collective educational activities in multi-age classes and ways to overcome them. The relevance of the article is determined by the demographic problem of Ukraine - the threat of closure of small rural schools for economic reasons. The position of the authors in this regard is as follows: if to develop a theoretical basis for the effective association of small classes into large, but mixed-age classes and to stimulate administrative and legal support of such association, it is possible to preserve schools even in the most marginalized areas. The general purpose of the article is to determine the peculiarities of functioning of multi-age classes in today's conditions and to provide recommendations for constructive organization of educational activities of multi-age classes in the realities of modern Ukrainian schools on the basis of the received data. Partial aims of the article - analysis of domestic and foreign literature and consideration of ideas and problems of teachers of Ukrainian small schools to obtain data, analyze them, and formulate recommendations. Criteria for selection and analysis of the literature - thematic, temporal (mainly the latest sources), problematic (coverage of the maximum number of problematic aspects) and practice-oriented (data can be extrapolated, adapted, borrowed). This determined the methods of the article: typological. comparative, pragmatic analysis of the content of educational conditions and principles related to the topic; sociological (elements of questioning teachers unrepresentative sample) for general opinion of teachers, getting suggestions (request) and teachers' attitude to the problem. At the final stage, methods of extrapolation (according to the installation "world tendencies - Ukrainian realities"), generalization and forecasting were used. Prospects for further research lie in the development of integrated teaching methods and forms. The latter should be both maximally differentiated, but expediently integrated, and subjects of different ages should minimally interfere and maximally mutually assist in achieving educational goals.

School manuals have special place among the socio-cultural acquisition of the past, which are the kind of reflection of certain era, the level of knowledge, worldview and prevailing stereotypes in the field of education. The manual is a carrier of the content of education, definitions, storage of knowledge and methods of learning that is necessary in this society. The complexity of the manual, the richness of its types, structure, diversity of its content and functions define it as a valuable historical document, the research of which provides opportunities to study the features and patterns of development and formation of the manual  in different historical periods and using modern manuals. The research of the history of school manual development begins with the establishment by scientists the fact of the manual origin, which historians associate with clay tablets on which the Sumerians placed manuals five thousand years ago. The formation of the pedagogical theory of the manual is associated with the idea that the manual was first defined as a special book created on the basis of pedagogical principles as one that implements a certain content of education.

In the article, questions about the features of training future teachers of natural sciences in modern higher education in the context of modern neurosciences are highlighted.It was found that highly qualified and competent teachers are the key to successful higher education. The concept of "neuroscience" is investigated. Publications and books of domestic and foreign scientists on the training of future teachers of natural disciplines in the view of neurosciences are highlighted. The application of methodological approaches in teaching future teachers of natural disciplines is noted. The branch of neuro-andragogy, which is important for adult learning is considered. It is noted that university teachers should enrich the educational process with modern strategies in order to meet the needs of future student teachers. It is noted that future teachers are interested in mastering knowledge of neurosciences, because they understand that this will help them in their professional activities. It has been proven that many scientists argue that education cannot exist today without neurosciences. The facts that have a special impact on the work of the child's body and on learning have been clarified: energy supply, nutrition, stress resistance and environmental pollution. A study of approbation of foreign programs "Scheme of education and neuroscience" and "Science of the brain in motion" was carried out. It was found that students are interested in knowledge about the work of their own brain and try to work on themselves to help the body improve its performance.It is noted that scientists argue that for the activity of the brain to be productive, it is necessary for the neurons, synapse and myelin to work in a balanced way.It was proven that COVID - 19 pandemic to negatively impacted education. It was found that physical activity and the activity of cognitive functions are an integral link. Emphasis is placed on the pedagogy of partnership, which will promote close cooperation of teachers, children and parents and help parents to preserve the health of the child.