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Objectives This study evaluates the effect of 5-HT 1b/d agonist on cognitive function in scopolamine (SPN)-induced dementia in the rat. Methods Dementia was induced by administration of SPN 2 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally, for a duration of 21 days. The effect of zolmitriptan (ZMT) 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, was observed on cognitive function, and the parameters of oxidative stress like malondialdehyde (MDA) level, nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were estimated at the end. Histopathology study of brain tissue was performed for the determination of β-amyloid peptide, and qRT-PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), IL-17 and β-amyloid. Key findings Data of the study suggested that treatment with ZMT alone and in combination with DMP (dextromethorphan) significantly (P < 0.01) decreases the escape latency in conditioned avoidance response (CAR) and transfer latency in elevated plus maze (EPM) as compared with negative control group. Moreover, the result of Morris water maze (MWM) shows an increase in retention time and a decrease in escape latency in ZMT alone and in combination with DMP-treated group of SPN-induced dementia than in the negative control group. There was a significant decrease in MDA and NO and increase in SOD and GPX in the brain tissues of ZMT and ZMT + DMP-treated group than negative control group. Histopathology study also suggested that the concentration of Aβ peptide decreases in the brain tissues in ZMT and ZMT + DMP-treated group than the negative control group. Moreover, ZMT treatment ameliorates the altered mRNA expression of TLR-4 and IL-17 in the brain tissue of SPN-induced dementia rat. Conclusions In conclusion, ZMT restores the cognitive functions and impaired memory in SPN-induced dementia in the rat by decreasing oxidative stress and Aβ peptide in the brain tissue of rat.

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Objective: Dipterocarpus turbinatus is a large woody plant widely grown in Northeastern state, Tripura. Ethanol extract of leaves was evaluated for its antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity. D. turbinatusMaterials and Methods: The preliminary phytochemical study was carried out to find out the presence of various phytoconstituents in different extracts obtained by cold maceration. Antioxidant activity was done by Nitric oxide scavenging and DPPH* scavenging. Paracetamol (3gm/kg) was used to induce hepatotoxicity in rats and 200mg/kg & 400mg/kg of ethanol extract of leaves of (EEDT) was used for the study, while silymarin (50mg/kg) was used as a standard. D. turbinatus Blood was collected by retro-orbital puncture and various biochemical parameters were determined by photometric analysis.: Ethanolic extract showed different bioactive constituents like flavonoid, phenolic, alkaloid, tannin. ResultsPlant extract was exhibited antioxidant properties. Tested extracts showed a significant reduction in the elevated level of various biochemical parameters like SGOT, SGPT, ALP, total bilirubin & increase the level of protein level with the dose-dependent manner. Histopathological studies of the liver of the tested animal showed there is an improvement in the architecture of the hepatic cell with plant extract treatments.The results suggest that ethanolic extract Conclusion: of leaves in different dose shows significant hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol-induced D.turbinatus hepatotoxicity in rats.

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