BACKGROUND: Mental retardation (MR) is a developmental condition that is associated with significant intellectual and adaptive behavioral limitations, whereas dissociative trance disorder (DTD) is a dissociative condition characterized by a temporary altered state of consciousness formed by one’s culture. Comorbidity between these two disorders has rarely been reported. CASE REPORT: We found a case of MR in a 32-year-old woman, Mrs. S, with a DTD who killed her five children during her trance. CONCLUSION: It was found that there is a relationship between psychosocial stressor factors, trauma, underlying psychiatric conditions, culture, and communication that influence trance conditions. Further research is needed to study and understand more about these disorders and comorbidities.

Background: There are approximately 20 million cases of schizophrenia worldwide. This complication can result from developmental processes, neurodegenerative, and neurotransmitter disorders to the occurrence of infectious or autoimmune processes. Furthermore, serotonin, noradrenaline, dopamine, and glutamate are just a few of the neurotransmitters that cytokines may play a role in controlling. The relationships between glutamate and dopamine seem to be important for understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. According to cellular receptors and the intracellular environment, which serve as risk factors for schizophrenia, IL-1 is involved in neurodevelopmental processes and can have neurotoxic or neuroprotective effects.Method: Non-probability purposive sampling was conducted on 240 subjects (120 people with schizophrenia (ODS) and 120 healthy control of Batak tribe) hospitalized at Prof. M. ILDREM Medan, Indonesia, as normal control and East Medan Sub-district as healthy control. In addition, the IL-1β -511 C/T Polymorphism was analyzed using RFLP and PCR methods.Result: The -511Allele frequency of the IL-β -511 C/T (rs16944) polymorphism was different between cases and controls with a p-value of 0.001 and OR of 1.901 and a 95% confidence interval between 1.322 to 2.735. The p-value for the genotype (CC vs. TT) was 0.019 with an OR of 0.414 and a 95% CI between 0.198-0.866. Meanwhile, the p-value for the genotype (CT vs TT) was 0.388 with an OR of 0.746 and a 95% CI between 0.384-1.451. Conclusion:The results showed that the IL-1β -511 C/T polymorphism has a relationship with the incidence of schizophrenia, and may be a risk factor for schizophrenia in Batak people.

Background: Self-quarantine and social distancing are one of the numerous impacts of COVID-19 pandemic that leads individuals to spend much more time at home which in turn interestingly contributes to the increased number of gaming disorder cases. Gaming disorder is defined as a negative behavioural pattern that is characterized by excessive time spent on playing games and losing self-control in terms of playing games that causes neglect of other daily activities or interests. Case Report: We are reporting a case of gaming disorder in a 25-year-old man, D, through this COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: We suggest that there is an association between psychosocial stressors and environment with psychiatric conditions. Further study is recommended to more holistically understand this particular gaming disorder.