Endophytic fungi are fungi that live in plant tissues without causing disease symptoms and abnormalities in plants. This study aims to obtain endophytic fungal isolates from local aromatic rice and screening of their ability to produce the IAA hormone as a plant growth promoter. Totally 16 endophytic fungal isolates were isolated from aromatic rice tissue of Pulu Mandoti. Ten isolates obtained from stem, three isolates from the root and three isolates from leaf tissue. The ability of endophytic fungal isolates in producing hormones IAA varied from 0.635 to 2.651 mgl -1 . Similarly, the ability to dissolve phosphate also varied from 0.005 -3.719 mgl -1 , and there is only 1 isolates that caused abnormal growth in rice seedlings.

Hydrocarbon pollution, especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which are toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic in the sea, has a negative impact on biota and must be controlled. Identification and isolation of bacteria that have the potential to degrade hydrocarbons in the sea need to be done to overcome the hydrocarbon pollution. The methods used include quantitative test for biodegradation capacity, identification of bacterial species, phenotype test for gram staining, biochemical test, and genotype test using PCR. The results of identification, selection and optimization of isolates, obtained seven types of consortium bacterial isolates with codes BI, BA, AB, BS, BP, BASA and BAPS which have the potential to degrade hydrocarbon contaminants. The phenotypic data showed that there were 3 isolates from the group of gram-positive Baccilus bacteria, while based on the genotype data, the three isolates were identified as Bacillus infantis and Acinetobacter baumannii. The results of the biodegradation activity test showed that the bacterial isolate was able to reduce the surface tension of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, so that the bacteria could act as a degrading hydrocarbon pollutant.

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Abstract. Syamsia S, Idhan A, Firmansyah AP, Noerfitryani N, Rahim I, Kesaulya H, Armus R. 2021. Combination on endophytic fungal as the Plant Growth-Promoting Fungi (PGPF) on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Biodiversitas 22: 1194-1202. Endophytic fungi are known to stimulate plant growth by producing secondary metabolites, including phytohormones (IAA and Gibberellins), siderophore, phosphate-solubilizing metabolites. In this study, a total of six endophytic fungi were successfully isolated from local rice plants and showed different abilities in producing secondary metabolites, during single isolates testing. These six isolates were then combined to obtain 15 combinations for analysis, to determine the best combination for application as a plant growth promoter. Subsequently, each combination was tested for phytohormones (IAA, gibberellins) and siderophore (quantitatively)-producing activity, phosphate-solubilizing ability, and the effect on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) plant growth. F13 showed activity in producing IAA and produced the highest gibberellin levels, while F1 exhibited the highest phosphate-solubilizing activity. In addition, F11 (Na-salicylate) and F1 (catechol) showed the highest siderophore activity, while a combination of F6, F8, F9, and F12 successfully increased plant height growth. Also, F4 increased the root growth, while the fresh weight of cucumber was increased by F8 treatment, under controlled conditions. Molecular analysis showed the tested isolates have close similarity to Daldinia eschscholtzii, Sarocladium oryzae, Rhizoctonia oryzae, Penicillium allahabadense, and Aspergillus foetidus. The combination of endophyte fungal isolates showed potential as plant growth promoters, however, further testing on several plant types is required before the combination is to be widely applied.

PPUPIK Business Unit Muhammadiyah University Certified Plant Seed Production Center Makassar is a science and technology-based business unit that aims to develop campus entrepreneurship based on research results. The main product of this business unit is hybrid corn seeds, but in the process of producing corn seeds in addition to producing economically valuable corn seeds also produce corn waste which can cause problems if not handled. PPUPIK developed various waste corn compost products for the development of new business units. The production activities of various corn waste into compost products aim to make corn waste as a product of economic value and also as a place of practice for students in the application of science and technology and science-based entrepreneurial activities. The method of implementing the activity is divided into 5 stages, namely: 1) Production of various waste corn compost; 2) Analysis of nutrient content of compost; 3) Product label design; 4) Compost packaging; 5) Promotion and marketing of products. This activity involved students of the Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar in the production, label design and promotion and marketing of products. The results obtained from this activity include; 1) students have experience in compost production, label design and product promotion and marketing; 2) the formation of a new business unit in PPUPIK activities; 3) produce economic value products from waste; 4) potential to get IPR.