No abstract

Over the last decade, researchers have investigated the potential of nano and microfiber scaffolds to promote wound healing, tissue regeneration, and skin protection. The centrifugal spinning technique is favored over others due to its relatively straightforward mechanism for producing large quantities of fiber. Many polymeric materials have yet to be investigated in search of those with multifunctional properties that would make them attractive in tissue applications. This literature presents the fundamental process of fiber generation, and the effects of fabrication parameters (machine, solution) on the morphologies such as fiber diameter, distribution, alignment, porous features, and mechanical properties. Additionally, a brief discussion is presented on the underlying physics of beaded morphology and continuous fiber formation. Consequently, the study provides an overview of the current advancements in centrifugally spun polymeric fiber-based materials and their morphological features, performance, and characteristics for tissue engineering applications.

Acinetobacter species are important opportunistic and nosocomial pathogens capable of causing both community and health careassociated infections (HAIs). The clinical specimens obtained from patients admitted in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College and Hospital (HFRCMCH) from July 2013 to June 2015. All laboratory works were performed in department of microbiology and immunology of HFRCMCH. The infection rate was maximum in blood (67.7%) followed by urine (12.9%), tracheal aspirate (8.8%) and wound swab (3.32%). Most of the Acinetobacter were isolated from Intensive care unit (ICU) and Neonatal intensive care unit ( NICU). Acinetobacter displayed higher resistance to many antibiotics like Ampicillin which showed 96% resistance, Ceftriaxone 72%, Amikacin 72%, Imipenem 55%, Meropenem 60%, Tetraclycline 64%, Ciprofloxacin 60% and Cotrimoxazole showed 38% resistance. In conclusion, there was a high resistant rate to available and common antibiotics. It seems that infection control strategies may help to control the evolving problem of Acinetobacter infections and prevent an epidemic nosocomial life threatening infections.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2016; 10 (1): 18-21

Enteric fever is still an important public health problem in many developing countries like Bangladesh. A changing antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A and emergence of multidrug resistance has increased to a greater concern. The present study was undertaken to find out the rate of isolation of Salmonella from Blood samples and to compare the changing patterns of drug resistance at Holy Family Hospital and Medical College and Hospital over a two year study period from January 2013 to December 2014. During the period January 2013 to December 2013, total 31 Salmonella were isolated (14% of blood isolates) in which Salmonella typhi were 27 and Salmonella paratyphi were 4. Again, during the period January 2014 to December 2014, total 27 Salmonella were isolated (10% of blood isolates) in which Salmonella typhi were 23 and Salmonella paratyphi were 4. The rate of isolation of S. typhi was noted higher among pediatric group when compared to adult group in both study periods. The sensitivity of cotrimoxazole and chloramphenicol was increased which were (80-88)% & (79-93)% respectively in 2 year study period. Nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella typhi(NARST) was 88-89% and all of NARST showing good sensitivity to ciprofloxacin. In our study period, Azythromycin resistance rate is increasing from 30-35%. All the isolates were fully susceptible to 3rd generation of cephalosporin in both study periods. The rate of Multi drug resistant(MDR) was (6.5-7.4)%; which was low in 2 year period. The policy of empirical treatment of enteric fever needs to be rationalized and newer generation antibiotics should be restricted only for multi-resistant cases of enteric fever.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the defective function of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Worldwide, the incidence ratio of CF is approximately 1:3000 in live births per annum. Recently, the number of adult patients has been reported to outnumber the number of pediatric sufferers. Though the diagnosis and treatment are available for CF patients’ corrective treatment for non-specific mutations, patients with rare mutations, advances in personalized biomarkers, and whether other genes and signaling pathways are related to CF are being investigated and they are also in the early stage of development and validation. In the present study, we have employed systems biology approaches to retrieve the potential biomarkers and pathways from transcriptomic profiling. Initially, we identified 104 up-regulated and 107 down-regulated genes from a total of 54676 differentially expressed genes. The up-regulatory genes mainly concentrate on Glutamatergic synapses, and the down-regulatory genes are on Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis. The involved pathways associated with these genes were also assessed through pathway enrichment, and we mainly focused on different pathways related to bronchial epithelial cells. After the subsequent enrichment of these genes, we have identified 6 hub genes, WWP2; RNASEL; CUL1; CDC42; HDAC4, and UBA2, which play a crucial role in CF and are verified by expression profile analysis. Our study found that the WWP2 gene in CF, as reported here for the first time.