Introduction: Discoloration can be caused by intrinsic or extrinsic factors. One of the discoloration treatments is teeth whitening. Teeth whitening process usually uses chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide which can cause side effects, namely gingival irritation. Previous research has found that malic acid in strawberries can whiten teeth. Watermelons contain greater malic acid than strawberries. Objective: To analyze the  effectiveness of 100% watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) extract on teeth whitening. Methods: The study was a laboratory experimental study with a total of 15 anterior post-extraction teeth which were discolored using black tea, divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was immersed in 100% watermelon extract, group 2 was immersed in 10% carbamide peroxide as positive control and group 3 was immersed in sterile aquades as negative control, for 56 hours, measured using a shade guide and spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using one way Anova. Results: The 100% watermelon extract was effective for teeth whitening. There was a significant difference between 100% watermelon extract compared to negative control (p < 0.05). However, there was also a significant difference between 100% watermelon extract, and 10% carbamide peroxide gel (p = 0.003). Conclusion: The watermelon extract has the ability as teeth whitening agent. However, further study is still needed to explore this result and determine the proper concentration for teeth whitening.

One of the oral manifestations in the use of a steroid inhaler is Median Rhomboid Glossitis (MRG). It is a benign condition that is asymptomatic and appears as central papillary atrophy of the tongue. This case report presents the use of a steroid inhaler in an asthma patient with manifestation in the oral cavity similar to MRG. A 27-year-old woman came to Academic Dental Hospital Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta with a complaint of discomfort on her tongue because it looked whiter than usual. The patient had an asthma attack 3 days before a complaint appeared on the tongue. The intraoral examination shows white plaque that easily rubbed without leaving the reddish area. Another finding in the middle of the tongue appears reddish areas that are similar to MRG. Treatments that have been given are instruction to brush the tongue using a tongue scraper, gargle using water shortly after the use of a steroid inhaler when the asthma attack subsides, administer the mouthwash containing povidone-iodine 1%, and control 1 week later. The evaluation for 6 weeks long gave quite a good result related to white lesions diagnosed as a coated tongue, while the red area in the median dorsal tongue similar to MRG is another finding as an oral manifestation of the use of a steroid inhaler. Steroid inhaler for the treatment of asthma can trigger several lesions such as MRG. Confirmation of MRG by mycological examination is needed to ensure the presence of fungal colonization.