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Studies on combustible matter conversion during oxy-fuel combustion in a circulating fluidized-bed (CFB) environment are presented. A CFB facility has been modified to be ready for operation in an oxy-fuel mode, which means an elevated partial pressure of oxygen in a gaseous atmosphere of O 2 /CO 2 . The maximum thermal load of the unit is estimated at 0.1 MW, and the main dimensions of combustion chamber are as follows: a height of 5 m and an inner diameter of 0.1 m. Polish bituminous coal was burnt. The paper is focused on carbon and combustible sulfur behavior in a combustion chamber that runs under oxy-fuel CFB conditions. The analysis is based on sampling of in-furnace flue gases and calculations of carbon and sulfur conversion ratios. The effect of both oxygen fraction in O 2 /CO 2 mixtures and excess oxygen was studied. An increased concentration of CO 2 visibly inhibits fuel conversion and does not affect SO 2 formation. A higher excess oxygen accelerates burnout of combustible matter; however, the value of 1.15 seems to be sufficient with respect to efficient combustion. The described investigations are the first part of the core work scheduled in the project "Advanced Technologies for Energy Generation: Oxy-combustion Technology for PC and FBC Boilers with CO 2 Capture".

This paper presents a study on nitrogen conversion in oxy-fuel coal combustion in a pilot scale CFB 0.1 MW th facility. The paper is focused on fuel-N behaviour in the combustion chamber when the combustion process is accomplished under oxy-fuel CFB conditions. The analysis is based on infurnace sampling of flue gas and calculations of the conversion ratios of fuel-nitrogen (fuel-N) to NO, NO 2 , N 2 O, NH 3 and HCN. For the tests, O 2 /CO 2 mixtures with the oxygen content of 21 vol.% (primary gas) and with the oxygen content varied from 21 to 35 vol.% (secondary gas), were used as the fluidising gas. Measurements were carried out in 4 control points located along the combustion chamber: 0.43 m, 1.45 m, 2.50 m and 4.88 m. Results presented below indicate that an increased oxygen concentration in the higher part of the combustion chamber has strong influence on the behaviour of fuel based nitrogen compounds.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and most aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system. Current GBM treatments have low effectiveness. This is mainly due to the high degree of heterogeneity of GBM tumors. Despite similarities in the classic microscopic image, these tumors differ significantly in molecular terms. The aim of the study was to classify GBM tumors into one of four molecular types based on the immunohistochemical expression of EGFR, PDGFRA, NF1, IDH1, p53 and PTEN proteins and find the association between individual glioma molecular types and prognostic clinical and morphological parameters. From the group of 162 patients the classical molecular type of tumor was observed in 17 (10%) patients, in 23 (14%) the tumor was mesenchymal, in 32 (20%) proneural, and in 90 (56%) neural. No significant relationship was observed between the molecular type of GBM tumors and the studied clinical and morphological parameters of prognostic significance. There were also no statistically significant correlations between the GBM tumor molecular type and survival, both in terms of overall survival and relapse-free survival. Analyzing the impact of all prognostic variables and molecular type of GBM on the probability of overall survival, statistically significant relationships were found.

Abstract. Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) is one of the most promising alternatives for solid fuel combustion. CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas is high in CLC technology which enables high efficiency of CO2 capture from flue gas. The use of solid oxygen carriers is a characteristic feature of a CLC process. Oxygen carriers are mainly metal oxides which are characterized by high oxygen transfer capacity and high mechanical resistance. Since the CLC technology is not sufficiently recognized due to its complexity the development of models with real conditions of the CLC equipment is of practical significance. The paper presents numerical simulations of the dynamic fluidized bed for Chemical Looping Combustion using CeSFaMB software. The model was validated on the basis of the results obtained from experiments, which were carried out on the Fluidized-Bed Chemical-Looping-Combustion of Solid-Fuels (FB-CLC-SF) unit. The studies were conducted in air atmosphere at temperature of 850°C. The validation of the 1.5D model showed that the maximum relative error between experiment and simulations results does not exceed 12%.