The article presents a visual analysis of the landscape, based on the modified SBE method and the possibility of using this type of research for the purposes of revitalization of rural areas. The scope of the research covered the Puchaczów commune in which, due to environmental conditions, mining related to hard coal extraction has developed. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that the existence of diverse height structure of the plant cover increases the attractiveness of the landscape. The research method consisted in using the SBE analysis for 13 landscape units, presented as actual illustrations and modified pictures (as computer visualizations) by adding trees and shrubs. Then, using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test, it was examined whether there is a significant difference for the average visual value evaluation between original and modified sketches.

The idea of ​​sustainable development of rural areas is not possible to implement without previous research on landscape quality. One of the methods of landscape valorisation is assessment based on the vegetation cover. the method makes it possible to recognize changes that occur in environment. A characteristic feature of plant communities is the development of a specific combination of species in similar habitat conditions. This allows to conclude about other landscape features. the value of flora as an indicator is based on different levels - species, biocenotic, landscape. Plant cover can be an indicator on various scales of landscape research. One of the first stages of valorisation is the designation of relevant research units. The aim of the article is to present a model way of separating research units for the needs of valorisation of rural landscape. The area where the author presents the research model is the Puchaczów commune.

Artykuł ma formę pracy przeglądowej, której celem jest zaprezentowanie historii i dawnych technik uprawy roślin z rodzaju Citrus L. w Europie, w tym w Polsce. Metodyka badawcza polegała na analizie materiałów archiwalnych, obejmujących historyczne traktaty z zakresu ogrodnictwa i rolnictwa. Należą do nich rozprawy powstałe na przestrzeni XVI-XVIII w. m.in. autorstwa: G. B. Ferrariego, J. Commelina, J. van der Groena, J. Ch. Volkamera, J. S. Elsholtza, oraz W. Sierakowskiego, A. P. Jabłonowskiej czy J. K. Kluka. Opisano nowożytne dzieje hodowli roślin cytrusowych w Europie oraz przedstawione w traktatach metody, obejmujące uprawę w gruncie oraz w pojemnikach i sposoby zimowania. Scharakteryzowano także rodzaje wznoszonych w tym celu drewnianych i murowanych oranżerii oraz wykorzystywanych donic.