Our study showed that the anthropogenic impact on the flora of the study area, including agricultural activities, is growing every year. This complex research has been conducted in Almaty Province on the 6 populations of the four rare and endemic plant species (Ikonnikovia kaufmanniana, Limonium michelsonii), taking into account the total number, age spectrum. An analysis of the density and age structure of the populations Ikonnikovia kaufmanniana showed that the age range of the population 1 and 2 account for maximum virginal individuals and in the population of 3 generative individuals. The results of the study of the age and condition of life Limonium michelsonii in different parts of the three populations showed that a young virginal (64.6%) and generative individuals (23.6%) and in the population 2, the maximum is in juvenile (54.5%) and (20.49%) individuals and population 3 maximum occurs at a young virginal (38.9%) and (29.4%) individuals.

The aim of this paper was to study the effect of plant growth regulators on callus induction and in vitro morphogenesis using various explants of Paulownia tomentosa to develop an efficient plant regeneration protocol. Different plant organ sections (leaves, apical shoot tips, petals, nodes, and internodes) were cultured as explants to identify the best in vitro explants responsive to callus induction and plant regeneration. Explants were cultivated on MS media supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulators (TDZ (Thidiazuron), BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine), kinetin, and NAA (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid). It was discovered that the addition of TDZ and NAA stimulated the induction of somatic embryogenesis. It was discovered that the MS medium with the combination of plant growth regulators BAP (35.5 µM) and NAA (5.4 µM) with the addition of 30.0 g/L maltose, 500.0 mg/L casein hydrolysate, and 250.0 mg/L L-proline was optimal for callus induction and multiple plant regeneration. The study of the regenerative capacity of various explants of Paulownia tomentosa in vitro showed that plant regeneration depends on the type of explant, and occurs in both ways, indirectly, through the formation of callus tissues and directly on the explant, without callus formation. As a result of this study, the efficient reproducible protocol of embryogenic callus formation and multiple shoot induction in vitro of Paulownia tomentosa was developed. This system provides a clear increase in the frequency of plant regeneration from 36.3 ± 3.4% to 38.6 ± 2.3% per embryogenic callus from leaves and apical shoot tips, respectively.

This Abstract. One of the most pressing problems of human society is the impersonality of urban spaces, of which green spaces are an integral part. Plants in an urbanized environment are not only a source of oxygen, noise and gas absorbers, etc., but also an element that unites and connects diverse residential buildings. This raises the question of the self-identification of urban spaces. Problems include a meager assortment, the absence or presence in a single specimen of promising species that are not sufficiently stable in an urban environment. This article discusses the determination of seed productivity in laboratory conditions of plants Origanum vulgare collected from Ile Alatau of Kazakhstan and Berberis iliensis Popov collected from the Ile river of Almaty region. Laboratory experiments have shown high germination of Origanum vulgare and Berberis iliensis seeds, but the germination of seeds collected from different populations is different: for example, Origanum vulgare and Berberis iliensis plants had the highest laboratory germination of № 2 seeds. Origanum vulgare on the seventh day of growth reached 40% in population №1, 44% in population №2 and 41% in population №3. Laboratory productivity for 25 days of growth was 91% in population №1, 95% in population №2, and 87% in population №3. The maximum validity of Berberis iliensis seeds in the second population is 92.5%, and the lowest is 63% suitable for the first population.

The problem of biodiversity conservation and rational use of natural resources remains one of the most pressing problems for countries around the world. To maintain the stability of biological resources a sufficiently developed basis for their reproduction is required, which, in turn requires a preliminary study of the developmental features of individual organisms both in the natural environment and during their introduction into the cultural environment. A special place among the spice plants is occupied by the Lamiaceae Lindl. family. It is rich in medicinal and essential oil plants, which are widely used in family medicine, as well as in folk medicine and food industry, perfumery and cosmetic industries. Such plants include Origanum vulgare and Salvia officinalis. In addition, both plant species are added as phytobiotics to animal feed. The article deals with sterilization of seeds of medicinal plants Origanum vulgare L. and Salvia officinalis L. and the effect of sterilization methods on seed germination. For in vitro cultivation an aseptic, undamaged pure culture was obtained from the original plant material, and the most optimal method for sterilizing the seeds of these medicinal plants was chosen.

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