This paper investigates the effect of the change of household debt ratio (household debt to GDP) on national housing price by using unbalanced panel data in 36 countries during 1981-2015. We employ Two Stage Least Square and GMM method to analyze the fixed effect model, after controlling the demand, supply, other assets prices and endogeneity. Our findings are that household debt ratio and housing price are positively significantly related. Household debt ratio promotes the growth rate of housing prices. The findings remain robust by separating countries into two groups, European countries and non-European countries, and using nominal housing price as explanatory variable.

By using the data of 936 listed companies from 2009 to 2014 in China, we use GMM method to empirically investigate whether credit expansion and free cash flow connect with the investment in enterprises. We decompose the ineffective investment into over-investment and insufficient-investment by drawing up Richardson's over-investment measurement method. The empirical results find that credit expansion and free cash flow promote corporate new investment and over-investment, which is also confirmed by the robustness test.

In an efficient market, differences in quality should be fully reflected in differences in price. This paper examines a highly active residential property market and verifies whether housing attributes can explain time on the market (TOM) in addition to prices. In contrast to the previous literature, only the price ratio and inflation factor are found to be critical in affecting TOM. An interpretation of the results is suggested, along with some directions for future research.