Anaferon (pediatric formulation) reduces the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections in sickly children and children with bronchial asthma and has a positive effect on the course of asthma. The preparation produces an immunomodulating effect (increases initially low IFN-gamma levels and normalizes elevated levels of IL-1beta), stimulates synthesis of IgA and IgG, exhibits cytoprotective activity, and improves local immunity of the upper airways in sickly children.

Introduction. The circadian rhythms of the nasociliary system of children with bronchial asthma have not been practically studied.Objective. To evaluate seasonal variations of circa-annual rhythms of the nasociliary system in healthy children and children with year-round bronchial asthma.Materials and methods. 134 children were examined; the main group consisted of 99 children aged 1.5–7 years with mild and moderate bronchial asthma, the control group was represented by 45 healthy children of the same age. The biorhythms of the nasociliary system were studied for three years, 4 times during each year (in October, January, April, July): smears-prints from the nasal mucosa were studied with the calculation of the specific gravity of neutrophils, eosinophils, cylindrical and squamous epithelium as a percentage, the calculation of the cytolysis index of cells and the average destruction index for each type of cell. To study the near-seasonal rhythms, the KOSINOR program and the computer system of intra-laboratory control “VlCC” were used.Results. The presence of seasonal changes in cytological parameters of the nasal mucosa with the maximum values of the average values of the average destruction of the flat, cylindrical epithelium, neutrophils in January and acrophases in January was revealed. If eosinophils on the nasal mucosa were not detected in healthy children, then the presence of this type of cells was noted in children with asthma throughout the year. The period of fluctuations of the average destruction index in the flat epithelium (1.7 months) was 4 times shorter, and in the cylindrical epithelium (21.6 months) – 3.5 times longer in children with asthma compared with healthy children. The periods, amplitude and mesor of the average neutrophil destruction index in children with asthma and healthy peers did not differ significantly. Acrophases and bathyphases of the average index of destruction of the flat, cylindrical epithelium, neutrophils in patients with asthma and healthy children were recorded at different times.Conclusions. The study showed that in children with AD there are no patterns of rhythmological organization in the work of the nasociliary system, characteristic of healthy children.

Objective: to evaluate tolerability and efficacy of a complex of sanative measures in preschoolers with recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs). Materials and methods. This study included 63 preschool children aged between 4 and 7 years from Seversk. Children with RRIs (n = 44) were randomized into 2 groups. The experimental group comprised 22 children who received a complex of sanative measures (including thermotherapy, cold massage of the nasal vestibule, and breathing exercises), whereas the control group included 22 children with RRIs who received a similar complex of sanative measures, but without cold massage. We also examined 19 healthy children. During 9 months, we had been monitoring clinical efficacy of this complex by evaluating the frequency and duration of acute respiratory infections, calculating the epidemic efficiency index (EEI) and epidemic efficiency coefficient (EEC), and assessing morphofunctional characteristics of the nasal mucosa using the method developed by L.A. Matveeva. Results. The highest treatment efficacy was observed in the experimental group (EEI=1.39; EEC=28.2%). The assessment of morphofunctional characteristics of the nasal mucosa demonstrated a significant decrease in the mean level of neutrophil destruction and squamous epithelium destruction among children from the experimental group by the end of the third month (р < 0.001 and р = 0.031 respectively); these changes were stable and were still observed by the end of the 9th month (р = 0.001 and р = 0.030 respectively). We also registered a significant decrease in the neutrophil cytolysis index and squamous epithelium cytolysis index by the end of the 3rd month (р = 0.024 and р = 0.037 respectively). Comparative analysis showed a more pronounced reduction of the mean destruction rates of neutrophils and squamous epithelium along with cell cytolysis indices (for neutrophils and squamous epithelium) in the experimental group during 9 month of rehabilitation compared to the control group. Conclusion. The proposed complex of measures is well tolerated by patients, decrease the number of RRI episodes, and restore the components of the local immunity in the nasal mucosa; therefore, it can be used for the rehabilitation of preschoolers with RRIs. Key words: recurrent infections, children, non-pharmacological rehabilitation.

Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic disease in children affecting 30% of the child population. The purpose of this review was to analyze and summarize the works of foreign and Russian authors who evaluated the impact of mental disorders on the course of asthma in children. The article presents the definition of asthma as a psychosomatic disease and relevance of the study against this background. The authors adduce the results of research studies which allow us to estimate the interaction between the degree of anxiety, accentuation of the nature, severity of asthma, and the duration of the disease. The existing publications demonstrate that the researchers' opinions are polarized regarding the cause-and-effect relationship between psychological disorders and controlled asthma. The authors came to a conclusion that early detection of psychopathological symptoms and appropriate psychotherapeutic administration would improve the efficacy of treatment in children with bronchial asthma and the social adaptation, adjust the system of family relations, and have a positive effect on the course of the disease.

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