Introduction. Helicobacter pylori (Hр) is considered usually as one of the factors in the development of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer, and at the same time as protection from asthma, diabetes type II, and obesity. This study was carried out with a goal to evaluate possible linkage between the levels of circulating anti-Hp antibodies and inflammatory markers - IL-6, IL-8 and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) - in cross-sectional study of Moscow adults. Material and Methods. Serum samples of Moscow working-aged residents (both gender, N=252) were used for evaluation of antibodies to lysate Hp antigen/recombinant CagA and cytokines IL-6, IL-8 with corresponding ELISA kits. MDA was determined by reaction with thiobarbituric acid. Results. Standard correlation analysis didn’t reveal any significant association between the levels of circulating antibodies against the applied commercial antigens and the levels of IL-6, IL-8 and MDA. Nevertheless, two parallel branches of the experimental points in seropositive area of anti-CagA/IL-8 scatterplot (but not for IL-6 and MDA variables) were clearly seen and correspond to two maximums at bimodal anti-CagA distribution. The data obtained are consistent with typical for CagA outstrip in IL-8 induction and testify the existence of two human genotypes having ~2-fold difference in antibody response but the same reactivity of CagA - IL-8 axis. Since CagA-positive IL-8 levels are of one order with CagA-negative ones (from another organs) and signs of concomitant oxidative stress were not revealed, the data obtained can be interpreted equally as early pathologic or actual symbiotic events. Conclusion. Quantitative assessment of circulating anti-Hp antibodies, together with more detail mathematical analysis, will increase contributions of population studies to investigation of equilibrium between Hp and human organisms.

The method of the evaluation of the antioxidant activity (AOA) with a help of stable radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl test (DPPH test) widely applied in pharmacological and food chemistry, was used also in some clinic investigations for the assessment of the total activity of serum low-molecular-weight antioxidants, but never was applied earlier for toxicological and environmental studies. We have developed the new modification of DPPH test, by replacing methanol-based incubation medium to non-ionic water detergent solution, compatible with native blood serum. Modified DPPH test was approved in 5 toxicological experiments on laboratory animals (Gig. Sanit., 2016, 9: 884-90) and in the hygienic study of the influence of ambient air pollution on the health state in a cohort of 142 capable Moscow residents (aged of 43.5 ± 11.8 years). As a results of the cohort observation, AOA of human serum in DPPH test had close to the normal distribution without gender differences, the slowly decrease with age by nearly 0.4% per year and was positively associated with serum concentrations of catabolic antioxidant - uric acid (R=0.257; p=0.002). The influence of outdoor air pollution in the points of the persons permanent homes was studied by 2 methods: 1) dividing Moscow territory into 2 zones accordingly the long-term monitoring of Hydrometereology and Environmental Monitoring Service; 2) by cartographic adjustment of corresponding home buildings to the nearest of 46 route stations of Moscow Agency for Health and Consumer Rights. No significant differences was found between residents of 2 preferred city zones in 12 used serum biochemical markers, the results of DPPH test including. Significant correlation exposure-response was found between the variables “serum AOA in DPPH test” and “benzene annual outdoor concentration” (R=0.342; p=0.00003) by individual exposure evaluation according to the data of route stations. Two main independent predictors of serum AOA values in the observed cohort of Moscow residents (outdoor air benzene and serum uric acid concentrations) detected 14 and 8.5 % of AOA total variance (p = 0.000002 and p =0.00018 correspondingly).

The purpose of the study is to determine whether exposure to odours of model food odourants can lead to a change in biochemical and immunological parameters that we previously used when examining the population in the area of food industry enterprises location using the method of quantitative olfacto-odorimetry. Methods. The specified concentrations of aerosols of three food flavours (orange, cognac and coffee) were supplied to the participants of the studies with a help of ECOMA T08 olfactometer. Quantitative composition of the aerosols was controlled by GC/MS. In participants saliva samples taken before, during and at the end of each experiment, the intensity of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, the content of secretory IgA, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, the activity of α-amylase and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase were determined. For data analysis, paired Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were used with Bonferroni correction for the problem of multiple comparisons. Results. A reliable effect of the smell of food odourants was found on one indicator only - the activity of salivary α-amylase - when combining data from 5 separate experiments (n=45): 93.3[24.3;160.0] U/ml at the end of the experiments against background values of 109.9 [42.5; 216.7] U/ml;, p=0.0096 with a significance level of p=0.05/3=0.017. A decrease in the average values of salivary α-amylase activity was shown to hide opposite changes in individual values: an increase in activity in people with low background values (below the median of the initial distribution) and an amplitude-dominant decrease - in people with high background values (above median). The revealed phenotypic polymorphism of α-amylase regulation contributes to one of relevant Post-COVID areas - the study of the ability of people to perceive odours and react to them. Limitations. The use of olfacto-odorimetry to study effect of odours on human health indicators is promising, but requires design of protocols with extended exposure time. Conclusion. A decrease in average values of salivary α-amylase activity with distinctive forestall of the upper quartile may be a sign of human reflex re sponse to the emission of odourous substances in the areas of food industry.

Introduction. Adrenocortical hormones play a leading role in the adaptation of human organism to damaging factors. The aim of this study is to compare levels of cortisol and biochemical markers of organism damage (MOD) in blood samples of rats under a model of electrolysis dust (ED) inhalation exposure. ED being component of emissions in aluminum production and has high content of resinous substances (RS), including 3,4-benzpyrene. Material and methods. Male Wistar rats were injected ED intratracheally once per month, in doses corresponding to keeping of animals at ED concentrations of 1.0; 5.2 and 25.1 mg/m3, calculated on RS mass. 2 weeks after the 1st and 2nd ED administration and 6 days after the 3rd one, blood serum samples were used for determination of cortisol levels (ELISA) and the following 6 MOD: the intensity of luminol-enchanced chemiluminescence, activities of catalase, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), acid DNAse, acetylesterase and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT). Results. 2 weeks after the 1st and 2nd ED administrations (cortisol content 2 times reduced or not changed), similar significant changes were observed in almost all MOD; 2nd experimental point, if comparing with 1st point, had slight increase in oxidative stress and significant rise in GGT activity (a marker of precancer changes) at the maximum dose. On the contrary, 6 days after the 3rd injection of ED, in parallel with the increase of cortisol content in rat blood by 1.5 - 2 times, small significant changes were found for only one marker (NAG). The obtained data fit into existing concepts about protective role of cortisol and biphasic nature of its release into the blood, allow us to consider the absence of MOD, in parallel with rising levels of C, as a transit phase and have common problem aspects with CIRCI syndrome (Critical illness-Related Corticosteroid Insufficiency) in emergency medicine. Conclusion. Determination of cortisol levels by ELISA assay can be easily incorporated into any toxicological protocol as index of organism adaptive response, but further investigations are needed to clarify its characteristics and to build continuous model from separate time-dose points.