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BackgroundThe ovotoxicity of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) has been established in several experimental models. Hesperidin (HSD) is a bi-flavonoid found in citrus fruits and has been reported to be a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Here, we have evaluated the rescue role of hesperidin on VCD-induced toxicity in the brain, ovary, and uterus of rats.MethodsSix groups of rats containing ten rats in each group were orally given corn oil (control), hesperidin (100 mg/kg), hesperidin (200 mg/kg), VCD (250 mg/kg), VCD [(250 mg/kg)+hesperidin (100 mg/kg)] and VCD [(250 mg/kg)+hesperidin (200 mg/kg)] once a day for 30 days, respectively. Thereafter, we determined the selected biomarkers of oxidative damage, inflammation, endocrine balance, and histology of the reproductive organs.ResultsThe data showed that hesperidin rescued VCD-induced increase in oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde) and inflammatory (nitric oxide) biomarkers. In addition, hesperidin restored the reduction in antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase) activities and glutathione level in the brain, ovary, and uterus of rats (p<0.05). Lastly, hesperidin preserved the histological structure of the ovary and uterus of rats exposed to VCD.ConclusionsOverall, the rescue role of hesperidin on VCD-induced toxicity in the brain and reproductive organs of female rats may be due to its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.