RESUMEAu Cameroun, l'élevage des cobayes se pratique encore dans les cuisines et à même le sol et leur alimentation est essentiellement à base des déchets de cuisine. Le souci d'intensifier la production nécessite la détermination des besoins réels du cobaye afin d'asseoir de façon rationnelle sa table de rationnement. L'objectif de ce travail est donc de déterminer les taux optimums de protéines dans son alimentation en fonction de son état physiologique. Pour cet essai, 75 femelles ont été préalablement mises en croisement avec 12 mâles pendant une période de 31 jours selon un dispositif factoriel de trois lots comptant 25 femelles chacun. Chaque lot recevait une ration contenant 18%, 20% ou 22% de protéine brute (PB). Après le sevrage, 54 jeunes cobayes ont été constitués en 3 lots homogènes de 18 animaux (9 mâles et 9 femelles) chacun. Chaque lot recevait une ration contenant 14, 16 ou 18 de PB. Aucune différence significative (P > 0,05) n'a été observée entre la taille de la portée et les poids des femelles allaitantes de la mise-bas au sevrage. Le poids à la naissance des cochonnets des femelles recevant la ration contenant 22% de PB (RG22) a été significativement (p < 0,05) plus élevé que ceux issus des femelles des autres lots. Par ailleurs, les taux de fertilité (96%), de fécondité (184%), de fécondité nette (184%), de viabilité à la naissance (100%) et de viabilité au sevrage (97,83%) les plus élevés ont été également enregistrés chez ces femelles soumises à la ration contenant 22% de PB (RG22). Le gain total, le gain moyen quotidien (GMQ) et l'indice de consommation (IC), respectivement 60,20 g ; 2,15 gj et 1,67 chez les mâles et 52,72 g ; 1,88 gj et 2,63 chez les femelles, ont été meilleurs chez les animaux nourris à la ration contenant 16% de PB (RC16). Tous ces paramètres ont été significativement (P < 0,05) meilleurs chez les mâles comparés à ceux des femelles. Il en ressort que les rations contenant 22% (RG22) et 16 (RC16) de PB, conviennent respectivement aux cobayes en gestation et en croissance à l'Ouest Cameroun. © 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés : Cobayes, protéines alimentaires, performances de reproduction, performances de croissance, Ouest-Cameroun. G. T. ZOUGOU et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 11(2): 828-840, 2017 829 Production performance of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus L.) in function of dietary protein level ABSTRACT In Cameroon, guinea pigs raising is still practiced in kitchens and on the ground and their food is essentially based on cooking waste. The desire to intensify production requires the determination of the actual needs of the guinea pig in order to rationally establish its rationing table. The objective of this work is to determine the optimum levels of protein in its diet as a function of its physiological state. For this work, 75 females were previously crossed with 12 males for a period of 31 days according to a factorial design of three groups with 25 females each. Each group received a ration containing 14, 16 or 18 of ...
content was different (P , 0.05) and was valued at 16.6, 25.7 and 26% of DM for concentrates C1, C2 and C3 respectively. The voluntary intake of the three concentrates was similar (P . 0.05) and was valued at 2.20, 2.15 and 2.16 kg DM/d for concentrates C1, C2 and C3 respectively. Protein supplementation had a significant effect (P , 0.05) on the voluntary ingestion of straw which was 5.95, 8.64 and 8.74 kg DM/d for groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Protein supplementation also had a significant effect (P , 0.05) on milk production of cows in groups 2 and 3 (4.0 and 4.2 kg/d vs. 2.8 kg/d for group 1). The average daily milk offtake was higher (P , 0.05) in groups 2 and 3 (2.4 and 2.5 kg/d vs.
The results indicated that feeding 0.20, 0.40 and 0.60% of charcoal A and 0.60% of charcoal B significantly (P , 0.05) increased feed consumption as compared with C1. Birds fed 0.20, 0.40 and 0.60% of charcoal A had significantly (P , 0.05) higher final body weight as compared with C1. When compared with C1, birds fed 0.40 and 0.60% of charcoal B had significantly (P , 0.05) higher body weight, average weight gain and intestine length. Feed conversion ratio, intestine circumference, carcass yield, relative weight of legs, heart and abdominal fat were not affected either by aflatoxin B1 or charcoal. Both charcoal A and B depressed (P , 0.05) liver weight and increased intestine density as compared with C1. Conclusion It was concluded that 0.20% of Canarium schweinfurthii charcoal and 0.60% of maize charcoal could be used as feed additives to absorb aflatoxin B1 and promote growth performance of broiler chickens.
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