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Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to analyze the nitrifying microbial communities in an activated sludge reactor (ASR) and a fixed biofilm reactor (FBR) for piggery wastewater treatment. Heterotrophic oxidation and nitrification were occurring simultaneously in the ASR and the COD and nitrification efficiencies depend on the loads. In the FBR nitrification efficiency also depends on ammonium load to the reactor and nitrite was accumulated when free ammonia concentration was higher than 0.2 mg NH3-N/L. FISH analysis showed that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (NSO1225) and denitrifying bacteria (RRP1088) were less abundant than other bacteria (EUB338) in ASR. Further analysis on nitrifying bacteria in the FBR showed that Nitrosomonas species (NSM156) and Nitrospira species (NSR1156) were the dominant ammonia-oxidizing and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, respectively, in the piggery wastewater nitrification system.

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Tlte .sli/)flon~ effect is considered to estiniate the load capacity tion with slipflow conditions is used to evaluate the load capaci~n c l tlte clyrtuntic coefficient.^ of an elastically-supported gas foil ty. The linearized dynamic coefficient equations are obtained by hearing when the locrrl Kt~udsen nrtntbcr for the mininlun~ film the perturbation method. Nunzericul predictions compare the storthickrre.ss is greater that1 0.01. The contl~ressible Reynolds equaic and dynamic force perforniances considering slip flow at roomto-high temperate with the performance of elastically-supported Presented a s a Soclety of Trlbologlsts and Lubrlcatlon Engineers foil bearing withor4t slipflow for a range of bearing compliances ature is significant in the region of low bearing numbers.= accommodation coefficient = damping coefficients; ni, 11 = s or y = rndinl clearance = foil structural compliance; cf = IIKf = r:lrel:iction coefficient = bearing diameter = ecce~itricity = film thickness; = / L / C = nominal film thickness = perturbi~tion component of h; nl = x, y, x or y = resultant forces in s and y direction = foil structur;~l stiffness per unit area = stiffness coefficients; nl,n = x or y = Knudsen number = nominal Knudsen number = benring length = pressure; fi = pip,, = i~~iibient pressure = perturbation component of p; nt = x, y, x or Ij = bearing radius = time variable = velocity of journal surface = load capacity = foil deflection = axial coordinate = nondimensional compliance; a = P,/cK, = normalized difference in damping coefficient, AC = (C, -Cs)IC, = normalized difference in stiffness coefficient, AK = (K,, -Ks)IK,, = normalized difference in load capacity, AW = CW, -Ws)IWns =journal position perturbations =journal velocity perturbations = eccentricity ratio = attitude angle = whirl frequency ratio = rarefaction coefficient = molecular mean free path = circumferential coordinate = bearing number; A = (6p W /~, ) ( R / C )~, = A; = fluid viscosity =journal angular velocity = unit vector in the Bdirection 0 = steady state x = perturbation x component Y = perturbation y component x = perturbation x component Y = perturbation jc component Downloaded by [University of Texas Libraries] at 02: