Soda-lime, borosilicate, and lead glass specimens were exposed to various dosages of 2 m.e.v. electrons. The effects of the irradiation on flexural strength, density, chemical durability, heat of solution, and electrical resistivity were investigated. The results showed that for dosages up to 300 megareps several small effects were noted but were considered to be of minor significance as far as bottle serviceability is concerned.

The effect of sulfurous atmospheres on the efflorescence of structural clay materials was studied. An efflorescing shale and a nonefflorescing clay were fired in 5 and 0.5% sulfur dioxide atmospheres. The efflorescing tendency was determined by a wick-action type of test, and the efflorescing salts were analyzed by microchemical techniques. The effects of additions of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate to the nonefflorescing material were studied. Sulfate development in the drier was investigated by drying specimens in a sulfurous atmosphere. Efllorescence was obtained on specimens prepared from a normally nonefflorescing material when this material was fired in a sulfurous atmosphere ; the efflorescence tendency was increased, however, by drying in an atmosphere containing sulfur dioxide.