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I. INTRODUCTIONSandia National Laboratories (SNL) and Lockheed A. Overview Martin MS2 are designing an electromagnetic missile Several hybrid/electric military platforms are being launcher (EMML) for naval applications. The EMML developed for future deployment that will provide an uses an induction coilgun topology with the requirement onboard power source capable of driving electromagnetic of launching a 3600 lb. missile up to a velocity of 40 m/s. weapons. Examples of these platforms are the Navy's To demonstrate the feasibility of the electromagnetic DDX electric ship & the Army's Future Combat System propulsion design, a demonstrator launcher was built that (FCS) hybrid ground vehicle. There are many different consists of approximately 10% of the propulsion coils types of electromagnetic weapons including lasers, high needed for a tactical design. The demonstrator verified power microwaves, particle beams, and mass launchers, the design by launching a 1430 lb weighted sled to a all of which have ongoing research to identify their height of 24 ft in mid-December 2004 (Figure 1). This advantages and disadvantages compared to conventional paper provides the general launcher design, specific weapons. Several types of mass launcher topologies exist pulsed power system component details, system including linear synchronous motors (LSM), linear operation, and demonstration results.induction motors (LIM), railguns, and coilguns. The Electromagnetic Missile Launcher (EMML) is a mass launcher using an induction coilgun topology. The EMML electromagnetically imparts kinetic energy into the missile such that it will exit the launcher and maintain aero stability until the main rocket motors are engaged ( Figure 2). The launcher performance parameters are based on launching a Tomahawk type missile with a weight of nearly 3600 lbs. At rocket motor ignition: 31 M1r I 25 M above surface At launch: 40 M/s Figure 1. Demonstrator launcher; Launcher -bottom left; Figure 2. Launch Performance Parameters. Weighted sled and missile form -top middle B. Purpose

We have made the first observation of Kα X-ray satellites from a target heated by an intense ion beam. The satellites are produced when thermal ionization due to beam heating is accompanied by inner-shell ionization from beam ion impact. The Particle Beam Fusion Accelerator II was used to irradiate a conical aluminum target with a proton beam. The nominal beam parameters were 50–75 kJ in a 1-cm spot, 15–20-ns pulse length, and 4–5-MeV protons at peak power. An elliptical crystal X-ray spectrograph inside a 1000-kg tungsten shield was used to record the spectra. The peak ion stage reached by the aluminum target was +8. Collisional radiative calculations were performed, which indicate a peak electron temperature of 20–60 eV.