This experiment was accompanied to examine the impact of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplemented with Selenium (se) or Zinc (zn) on the reproductive performance, estrogen and progesterone hormone in local Iraqi female goats. 17 mature does two - two and half years of old were used. The average of body weight (bw) was 37.5 ± 3kg. Animals were randomly divided in to three groups, Five animals were in the first group, six goats were in the second and third groups. All goat does were nursed on the same ration. The group1 was considered as a control group without processing (G1), the group 2 (G2) was administered with (Saccharomyces cerevisiae-selenium) with dose (0.03 g/kg/bw), the third group 3 (G3) were administered with (Saccharomyces cerevisiae -zinc with dose (0.2 g/kg/bw). (given orally for 45 days). The results showed that second and third groups were significantly increase (P≤0.05) in fertility and fertilization rate as compared with G1. G3 was significantly increase (P≤0.05) in the Prolificacy rate as compared with G1 and G2. G2 and G3 were significantly increase (P≤0.05) in the pregnancy rate as compared with G1. while G3 was significantly increase (P≤0.05) in the kidding rate as compared with G1 and G2. Estrogen hormone concentration level of the G2 showed a significant increase (P≤0.05) as compared with G1 and G3. While the progesterone hormone concentration level of the G3 showed a significant increase (P≤0.05) as compared with G1 and G2. From the results we concluded that organic form (yeast supplemented with selenium/zinc) could be credited to enhance the reproductive performance, overall health of kids after birth, progesterone levels and animal health.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supported with zinc and selenium on the lipid profile. of Twenty-one Iraqi males sheep were used aged (1-1.5) years and the weight mean approximately (38±4) kg. experiment animals used divided randomly into three treated groups each group have 7 males. All males were fed on the same ration. The first group was considered as a control group without treatment (T1), the second group (T2) were given yeast enriched with zinc (Saccharomyces cerevisiae -zinc) with dosage (0.2 g/kg/bw), the third group (3) was given yeast enriched with selenium (Saccharomyces cerevisiae-selenium) with dosage (0.03 g/kg/bw). The results showed significant (P≤0.05) differences control group compare with the other two-treated groups (T3 and T2) in triglyceride, LDL , VLDL and HDL . The results indicate to significant differences (P≤0.05) of (T2 and T3) compare with the control group by HDL . From the results concluded that there synergistic effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with zinc and selenium as organic form (Saccharomyces cerevisiae-zinc/selenium) could be attributed to improved animal health.

The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of injected amino acid arginine on reproductive performance in ewes and on the levels of some hormones. Twenty-one non pregnant Awassi Turkish ewes were used. These ewes were divided into three equal groups. The first group were not treated which serve as control group (T1), and injected with 5-10 ml of normal saline in intramuscular. Ewes of second group (T2) were treated by injected with a 155µmol/kg arginine I.V. The third group (T3) was treated by injected with 155µmol/kg arginine intramuscular. All treated ewes were inseminated by rams for 7 days. Blood samples were taken from jugular vein on the 1st and 2nd days of arginine injection and then insert CIDR and on the 3 rd , 5 th , 7 th , 10 th ,13 th , and 16 th days of this treatment to measure the change in the levels of some hormones during treatment. The results showed arithmetic difference in the time of the estrus where the treatment of intramuscular arginine injection came first and it was followed by intravenous arginine injection and then the control. Arginine treated groups significantly the control group in the estrus appearance rate. The estrus appearance estrus rate in intravenous injection group, intramuscular injection group and control group were 71.43, 57.14, and 42.85% respectively, also there is significant increase in fertility rates were 71.43, 57.14 and 42.85% respectively. There was a significant increase in pregnancy rates were 71.43, 57.14 and 28.85% respectively. However, birth rates were 71.43, 57.14 and 28.57% respectively. Intravenous treatment showed the lowest than other treatments. The results of current research revealed no significant difference between groups in the level of progesterone hormone, furthermore there is no significant change in the hormone during all periods of the experiment except the 7 th period in IV arginine treated group. It was also observed a significant decrease in the estrogen concentration level in arginine intravenous (14.62 ±1.02) and intramuscular (15.00 ±1.98) injected groups in compared with control group (16.82 ±1.25) respectively during the first and 7 th periods of injection after the insert of CIDR as compared with the other periods. There were no significant differences in the level of cortisol between the treated groups and the control group, and also between all periods of the experiment. It was concluded from this study that injection of amino acid arginine improved the reproductive performance of Awassi Turkish ewes, taking into consideration the superiority of intravenous injector as compared with intramuscular injection which gave higher rates of estrus, fertilization, fertility, pregnancy and birth and gave the lowest proportion of barrenness as compared with control group. However, arginine had no significant effects on the level of estrogen, progesterone and cortisol.

This study was carried out in The Ruminant Research Station (Abu Ghraib)/ Department of Animal Resources Research/ Office of Agricultural Research/ Ministry of Agriculture during the period from July 6, 2017 to Feb 3, 2018. Twenty one non pregnant Awassi Turkish ewes were used in the experiment. The age of the animals ranged between 2-5 years old with a weight ranged between 45-70kg. Befor insert CIDR, The animals were examined with ultrasonography to be sure that they were not pregnant. These ewes were divided into three equal groups of 7 ewes/ treatment. They were fed naturally on basal diet. The first group were not treated (T1) which serve Control group, and injected with 5-10 ml of normal saline in intramuscular. Ewes of Second group were Treated (T2) by injected with a 155 µmol/kg arginine I.V. The Third group were Treated (T3) by injected with 155µmol/kg arginine intramuscular. All Treated ewes were inseminated by rams for 7 days. The inseminate rams were revolved among folds to get rid of their effects on ewes, Each inseminated ram was given a number. Blood samples were taken from jugular vein on the 1st and 2nd days of arginine injection and then insert CIDR and on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th,13th ,and 16th days of this treatment to measure the change in the levels of a blood and chemical properties during arginine treatment. The results of a lab. analysis during the treatment of amino acid arginine showed no significant differences between the treated group with arginine as compared to the control group in the percentages of white blood cells, but there were a differences in the number of Neutrophils in the group of intravenous injection, the group of intramuscular injection, (75.14, 75.00), respectively as compared with control group (71.0). Lymphocytes showed no significant differences between parameters under study as well as for Eosinophil. The differences were observed between the coefficients and the study periods. The period (4) was significantly superior (P<0.05) in the arginine treated as Compared with the control group, (20.42 ± 2.61) and the percentage of intravenous injection (17.28±1.98), respectively compared with a control group (19.00 ± 2.51), as for Basophil, there was a gradual decrease in all study groups. The results showed that the value of cholesterol a significant superiority (P<0.05) in the treated group with arginine in ewes serum as compared with the control group. It was noticed that the group of intravenous injection of arginine significantly increase the group of intramuscular injection of arginine (P<0.05) (6, 8) in blood cholesterol level. The periods (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7) of injection of amino acid arginine showed no significant differences between them. The glucose concentration level, showed no significant differences between the arginine amino acid treatment group and the control group and at the different. It was concluded from this study that treatment with amino acid arginine did not affect characteristics of the blood, and its chemical properties.

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of stimulating the embryo during the dormancy in the incubation period. 450 eggs (Ross 308) were allocated in four treatments each with three replicates. The treatments were as follows: T1 control (without shock), T2 Shocked (40) Millivolts (mV), T3 Shocked (50) (mV), T4 Shocked (75) (mV). A different voltage device was used to shock the egg, after marking the eggs with a line of iron filings to ensure electrical conductivity, eggs were shocked at different times three times a day. The results showed that the percentage of embryonic weight increased significantly and the percentage of albumin decreased significantly and the percentage of shells for experimental treatments during the seven days of incubation compared to the control treatment. The significant increase in the percentage of embryonic weight and amniotic sac and liquid and a significant decrease in the percentage of albumin and yolk compared to the control treatment at 14 and 17 days of incubation for experimental treatment. Significant increase in neurophysiological traits of neurons, brain weight for T2, T3 and especially T4 concluded that electrical stimulation had a positive effect on the embryo.