Underpotential deposition (UPD) of copper from aqueous sulfuric acid solution onto polycrystalline gold electrodes coated with 2‐mercaptoethane sulfonate (MES) or 3‐mercapto‐1‐propane sulfonate (MPS) films has been studied. On the basis of peak shape, the UPD reduction process was inhibited by the organosulfonate film, with the greater inhibition being observed for the MPS film. The inhibitory affects in the UPD can be overcome by deposition at a constant underpotential (0.00 V vs. SCE) for a set time. After this set time (≥60 s) the charge for stripping of the underpotential deposit was equivalent to the charge recorded for UPD stripping at the bare polycrystalline gold surface.

The study aims to investigate the impact of demographic factors on investment risk tolerance. The demographic variables taken include age, gender, marital status, income, work experience, and education. The primary data has been collected through questionnaires by adopting a deductive approach. The sample size consists of 106 respondents using convenience sampling. SPSS is used for data analysis and person correlation, and linear regression is applied to analyze the relationship between the variables. It was identified that gender, income, and education are positively related to risk tolerance level, whereas age, marital status, and work experience are negatively related to risk tolerance. Gender is found to have a significant positive impact on risk tolerance level, whereas marital status has been found to have a negative and significant relationship with the risk tolerance level of individuals. These findings will be helpful for the investors to improve their investment decision-making skills. The further risk tolerance of investors may depend on the behavioral factors too.

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Post novel coronavirus-19 has created a challenging situation for developed as well as developing countries to sustain their economic stability. There are lot of controversies for policy makers to formulate an effective governance policy for reviving economic strength and to minimize economic effects of this pandemic. The present study focuses on the deliberation of current state of economy in Pakistan after 4th wave of COVID-19. This study further analyzes the effects of governance policies for restoring economic stability in Pakistan. To measure governance, world governance indices (WGI) has been used while economic stability has been measured through growth in GDP per capita. The data about economic and social indicators has been collected for the period of 1996 to 2021. To ascertain the empirical results, multiple linear regression model has been applied. Main results are in favor of positive and significant effects of governance effectiveness on economic stability of the country. Future studies may focus on the role of effective governance policies to achieve economic stability in regional blocks like EU, ASEAN, G 20 and OECD.

INTRODUCTION:- According to WHO, Oral cancer is one of the three most prevalent cancers in Asia, among which India accounts for approximately one third. Immunological markers E-cadherin, Vimentin and Ki-67 plays a major role in determining invasiveness, metastasis and prognosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. To study the expression of immunological AIM:- markers E-cadherin, Vimentin and Ki-67 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and evaluate their expression concerning clinicopathological prole. METHODS:-It is a hospital-based cross-sectional study of 60 cases of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma done for two years. Expression of immunological markers E-cadherin, Vimentin and Ki-67 were evaluated and correlated with its pathology. Majority of the patients RESULTS:- with Oral Carcinoma belonged to the 51 – 60 years age group with male predominance(2.3:1). 45% had on Tongue, 22% on the buccal mucosa, 12% on Hard palate, 8% on Lips, 5% on Soft palate and Uvula,3% on Anterior pillar and Retromolar trigone and 2% on Floor of mouth. Ecadherin was positive in 72% with 38% strong positivity. Vimentin was positive in 33% with 20% strong positivity. Ki-67 expression was high in 67% of the cases. Lymph node metastasis showing 13% E-cadherin positivity , 22% Vimentin positive, 30% Ki-67 positive. CONCLUSION:- OSCC cell proliferation research must be further extended as it can be helpful to forecast survival rates for a deeper understanding of protein expression and the interaction between biomarker and therapeutic aspects of these patients.