We report three Japanese children with Mycobacterium avium infection of the skin who also developed lichen scrofulosorum, a previously undescribed association. They were healthy except for the presence of several noduloulcerative lesions associated with multiple asymptomatic papules on the trunk and extremities. Histology of the ulcerative lesions showed features of mixed-cell granuloma, whereas the papular lesions showed features consistent with lichen scrofulosorum. M. avium was identified by polymerase chain reaction-aided DNA-DNA hybridization analysis in specimens obtained from the noduloulcerative lesions. Both the noduloulcerative and the papular lesions responded well to combination chemotherapy consisting of antituberculous agents and antibiotics.

The article presents a new equivalent circuit model of electrostatic comb transducers for an integration of MEMS into LSI. The model detects the displacement using a dummy spring to express the current induced by the movement, and the model parameters can be derived from only its dimensions not from external parameters, such as acting force and applied voltage. In addition, being composed from basic circuit components, the model is easily utilized in conventional circuit simulation software. The in-plane two-degreeof-freedom comb model was applied to a simple SOI coupled resonator and the measured and simulated electrical and mechanical properties showed good agreement with each other. The model was also applied to a decoupled two-axis resonator for a vibrating gyroscope made on silicon-on-glass substrate. Frequency tuning and oscillating circuit with constant amplitude control have been tested and the tuning results and transient responses showed good agreement as well.

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