To clarify the feeding habits of fishes in tropical seagrass beds on coral reefs, the gut contents of 53 fish species, collected in an Enhauls acoroides-dominated bed at Iriomote Island, southern Japan, were examined. Ontogenetic changes in food preference were recognized in 9 species, including lethrinids, mullids, pomacentrids, labrids, and scarids. Cluster analysis based on dietary overlaps showed that the seagrass fish assemblage comprised seven feeding guilds (small-crustacean, large-crustacean, plant, detritus, hard-shelled mollusc, fish, and planktonic-animal feeders). Of these, small-crustacean feeders were the most abundantly represented. On the other hand, planktonic-animal and hard-shelled mollusc feeders were each represented by only two species. Compared with previous studies on the feeding habits of temperate seagrass fishes, the present fish assemblage was characterized by larger species numbers of detritivores, herbivores, and piscivores and fewer planktonic-animal feeders.

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The feeding habits of the serranid fish Cephalopholis urodeta were examined on the basis of 204 adult specimens collected from coral reef areas at Iriomote Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Sampling was conducted in November 1997 and February, May, and August 1998. Among the specimens, 95 (46.6%) had empty stomachs, the mean Stomach Fullness Index of the specimens overall being extremely low (0.6). Over a 1‐year period, the most important prey of this species were small fishes and decapod crustaceans, the two categories together constituting 73.4% of stomach contents by weight. However, seasonal differences in basic dietary composition were apparent. Fishes were abundant in the diet in May and November, whereas the proportion of hermit crabs in the diet was higher in February compared to other months.

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