A two-year field experiment was carried out at Ismailia Agriculture Research Station, ARC, Egypt during 2018/19 and 2019/20 seasons to assess the effect of two deficit irrigation intervals (irrigation every 4 (I2) and 5 days (I3), compared to irrigation every 3 days (I1)) and intercropping three faba bean cultivars (Giza 716, Giza 843 and Sakha 1) with sugar beet on yield of both crops, water equivalent ratio (WER),land equivalent ratio (LER) and profitability. Strip-plot design with three replicates was used. The results revealed that the highest values of sugar beet and faba bean characters were obtained by I1. Intercropping sugar beet with Giza 843 resulted in the highest yield of sugar beet and its attributes. However, Sakha1 had the highest seed yield and its attributes compared with Giza 716 and G 843. Application of I2 and I3 saved 22 and 36% of the applied water, but resulted in sugar beet yield reduction by 7 and 32% and in faba bean by 11 and 32%, compared to its values under I1. The highest values of LER (1.38 and1.38),total return(17339 and 17478 L.E fed-1)and monetary advantage index(4774 and 4813)were obtained from intercropping sugar beet with G 843 cultivar under I1. Whereas, the highest value of WER(1.51)was recorded under I2. In conclusion, intercropping sugar beet with faba bean G843 cultivar and irrigation every 3 days is recommended under availability of irrigation water to increase farmer total income. Furthermore, under water shortage, irrigation every 4 days could be applied to increase WER.

The objective of this study was to determine the rate of potassium silicate that could mitigate the effect of water shortage on productivity of faba bean intercropped with sugar beet and its effects on water and land equivalent ratios, as well as farmer's net revenue. In split plot design with three replications, three irrigation treatments i.e., 120, 100 and 85% Evapotranspiration (mm/d) (ETo) were assigned to the main plots, while three rates of sprayed potassium silicate (unsprayed (control), 200 ppm and 300 ppm) were arranged in sub-plots. The results showed that irrigation with 120% ETo and spraying with 200 ppm potassium silicate attained the highest yield and its components for both faba bean and sugar beet under their intercropping system in both growing seasons. For faba been and sugar beet, N, K and Si content were positively affected by irrigation levels at 100% ETo with foliar potassium silicate 200 ppm, but P content was positively affected by irrigation levels at 120% ETo with foliar 200 ppm potassium silicate. The available P and K in the soil were positively affected by irrigation with 120% ETo with foliar 300 ppm potassium silicate. N content was positive affected by irrigation with 100% ETo with foliar 200 ppm potassium silicate. The highest values of water and land equivalent ratios (WER and LER), as well as total and net return were obtained under irrigation with 120% ETo and spraying with 200 ppm potassium silicate. However, both WER and LER under application of 100% ETo and 200 potassium silicate were higher than irrigation with120% ETo and unsprayed plants in both growing seasons. The highest value of farmer net revenue was obtained when 120% ETo and spraying with 200 ppm potassium silicate were applied. Thus, to attain the highest faba bean with sugar beet in an intercropping system and highest water and land equivalent ratios, as well as farmer's net revenue, 120% ETo and spraying with 200 ppm potassium silicate should be applied. However, in case of water shortage, 100% ETo and spraying with 200 ppm potassium silicate could be applied to mitigate the effect of water deficiency.

A field experiment was conducted on an Orobanche naturally infested soil at Sakha Agricultural Research Station -Kafr El Sheikh, in 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons aiming at combating Orobanche crenata in faba bean through using water extracts of fenugreek, coriander and sorghum crops, each at a concentration of 10% weight/volume at a rate of 20 litres/fed mixed with glyphosate (48%) at a reduced rate (40 cm 3 /fed) compared to the recommended rate of the same herbicide (75 cm 3 /fed). Treatments were foliarly applied twice at 50 and 70 days after sowing. Two faba bean Orobanche tolerant cultivars (Misr 1 and Giza 843) and a susceptible one (Sakha 1) were used in this study. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. The cultivars were randomly devoted to the main plots while broomrape control treatments were randomly arranged in the sub plots. The results showed significant reductions in Orobanche spikes number and weight at harvest on the three cultivars due to all treatments applied with no significant differences among them. Misr 1 and Giza 843 cultivars were inferior to Sakha1 cultivar in number and weight of broomrape spikes/m2, but they were superior in yield and its components. Therefore, foliar application of either fenugreek, coriander or sorghum plant extracts as donor allelopathy at a concentration of 10% w / v at a rate of 20 litres mixed with glyphosate herbicide (48%) at a rate of 40 cm 3 / fed applied twice 50 and 70 days after sowing can help in controlling Orobanche crenata and improve faba bean yield especially for susceptible genotypes.