The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is the first animal whose whole 97 Mb genome sequence, encoding ca. 19000 open reading frames (ORF's), has been essentially determined. We tried to establish a 2-DE map of the nematode proteome by means of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE). A soluble protein fraction of mixed stages of the worm, wild-type strain N2, was applied to 2-D PAGE. After Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) staining, 1200 spots were detected and 140 major spots were excised from the gel and subjected to in-gel digestion with Achromobacter protease I (lysyl endopeptidase). Resulting peptides were analyzed by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) followed by peptide mass fingerprinting for protein identification. With this approach we have obtained a two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) protein map in which 69 spots were localized as landmarks for comparison of expression profiles to elucidate the basis of various biological events.

No abstract

PACS. 02.40.Sf -Manifolds and cell complexes. PACS. 61.25.Em -Molecular liquids. PACS. 61.30.Cz -Theory and models of liquid crystal structure.Abstract. -We describe a construction procedure for polycontinuous structures, giving generalisations of bicontinuous morphologies to more than two equivalent, continuous and interwoven sub-volumes. The construction gives helical windings of disjoint graphs on triply periodic hyperbolic surfaces, whose universal cover in the hyperbolic plane consists of packed, parallel trees. The simplest tri-, quadra-and octa-continuous morphologies consist of three (8, 3) − c, four (10, 3) − a and eight (10, 3) − a interwoven networks, respectively. The quadraand octa-continuous cases are chiral. A novel chiral bicontinuous structure is also derived, closely related to the well-known cubic gyroid mesophase. EUROPHYSICS LETTERS

No abstract