A case of neutrophilic granulocytic sarcoma and a case of acute basophilic leukemia are described. The former was diagnosed in an 8-year-old Holstein cow with a large intrathoracic tumor mass (case 1), and the latter in a 14-month-old Holstein heifer with a rapid increase in white blood cell count (case 2). In case 1, the tumor mass was composed of agranular cells and more mature cells with eosinophilic granules staining positive for naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase (CAE) and macrophage, myeloid/ histiocyte antigen (clone MAC387). In case 2, the tumor tissues consisted chiefly of myeloblastoid cells. However, differentiation to myelocytoid or metamyelocytoid cells was observed, and their intracytoplasmic eosinophilic granules were positive for tryptase (a marker for basophils and mast cells), but not for CAE (a marker for neutrophils and mast cells). Although reports of myeloid neoplasms are rare in cattle, as documented here, it is not difficult to diagnose them on the basis of histology, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry.

A subcutaneous mass arising in the right gluteal area of an 11-year-old female shih tzu dog was surgically excised. Histologically, the mass was composed of small round or ovoid neoplastic cells that were arranged in nests of various sizes. The neoplastic cells generally had hyperchromatic nuclei and scanty eosinophilic cytoplasm, and were surrounded by a pale pink fibrillar area. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin, S-100 protein, neurone-specific enolase and synaptophysin, but negative for cytokeratin, neurofilament protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein and chromogranin A. On ultrastructural observation, aggregates of thin cytoplasmic processes were frequently seen among the neoplastic cells. Based on these features, the tumour was diagnosed as a neuroblastoma. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first description of a neuroblastoma originating from the skin in an adult dog.

Nasal papules and oral ulcers were observed in calves that were group-housed at a dairy farm.The calves were diagnosed with bovine papular stomatitis (BPS) due to parapoxvirus (PPV) infection based on virologic examinations using polymerase chain reaction to detect PPV. To prevent the spread of BPS, we isolated the affected calves, made procedural changes so that the affected herd was managed after the healthy herd, disinfected the bedding with slaked lime, disinfected the stalls and fences with invert soap, and changed the animals' feed to soft grass which does not damage the oral cavity. As a result, we succeeded in control the infection quickly.