Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is a common childhood illness characterized by massive proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, hypoalbuminemia & edema. NS is a disease of relapse and it is a major problem to manage the cases with frequent relapse. So it is very important to find out such children who are prone to develop frequent relapse. This retrospective study was conducted in the paediatric department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) from January to December 2005.Total 100 children with relapsed NS of them 50 had Frequent Relapse NS (FRNS) and 50 had Infrequent Relapse NS (IFRNS) were included in the study with a view to find out the risk factors for relapse. Data were collected from previous medical and hospital records. Data were analyzed by using SPSS program. Chi-squared test and Student's t-Test were used as statistical test and p value < 0.05 was taken as significant. NS was more common among 2-6 years of age (67%) with male to female ratio roughly 2:1. Most of patient with frequent relapse had age <5 years, came from rural area and belongs to poor social class compared to that of infrequent relapse. The mean age at first onset was significantly less in frequent relapse group than that of infrequent relapse group. Majority of atopic child belongs to frequent relapse cases. Low serum albumin level, low serum total protein level, culture positive Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) at initial attack were observed to be statistically significant in case of frequent relapse group.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v7i1.10292Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2012;7(1): 18-22

Background The infection by SARS‐COV‐2 leading to coronavirus disease has become a worldwide pandemic. It is not clear whether the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) and its severity differ in pregnant compared to the nonpregnant outcome. Concerns Out of four, three pregnant women were discharged with mild symptoms but one pregnant woman admitted at 24 weeks gestation with 3 days of vomiting, breathlessness, and cough had fatal outcome. Diagnoses After the medical staff prepared for isolation and protection, the patients quickly underwent with series of diagnostic tests, such as laboratory, imaging, and SARS‐COV‐2 nucleic‐acid examinations. Outcomes Among all four SARS CoV‐2 infected pregnant women, three discharged after recovery and delivered healthy babies but one had severe COVID‐19 disease. The women began to exhibit fever, reduced blood oxygen saturation, and despite the interventions, she could not be saved and succumbed to death. There is an early requirement of effective management strategies for pregnant women with COVID‐19.

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Background -India has very high rates of tuberculosis and smoked tobacco use among adults.Efforts to control both tobacco use and tuberculosis in India need to be addressed. Our objective is to examine the role of smoking as a risk factor for the development of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods -A total of 613 TB patients frequency matched with 1226 controls were interviewed by using a structured questionnaire. The associations between cigarette smoking and risk of TB were estimated by computing odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) from logistic regression model. Patients' smoking behavior and patterns of smoking cessation were followed after TB diagnosis. Results -The proportion of cigarette smoking was 54.6% in TB cases, which was significantly higher than that in controls (45.1%) with adjusted OR of 1.93(95% CI: 1.51-2.48) Conclusion -Cigarette smoking was associated with lifetime TB infection and the association was most evident among the heaviest smokers (> 1 pack per day, > 30 pack years). Interventions of smoking cessation are recommended to be included in the current TB control practice.