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The fabrication of highly stable Ni and Co 3 O 4 nanocube-supported TiO 2 nanorods (NRs) catalysts with improved metal−support interaction for steam reforming of phenol (SRP) has been investigated. An enhanced catalytic performance of Ni/Co 3 O 4 /TiO 2 NRs with H 2 -rich gas and hardly formed coke was achieved and rationalized with spectroscopic results and structural assessments. Over 10% Ni/5% Co 3 O 4 /TiO 2 NRs, SRP and water gas shift reactions dominate, producing mostly H 2 and CO 2 , yet Ni/TiO 2 microparticles promoted CO. With catalyst loading, steam-to-carbon ratio, and gas hourly space velocity, the H 2 yield was improved with higher CO 2 /CO ratio and low CO yield. A Ni/Co 3 O 4 / TiO 2 NRs catalyst possesses excellent stability, which prevailed for more than 100 h without obvious deactivation. The high performance was due to a 1D TiO 2 NRs/Co 3 O 4 nanocubes heterojunction, good metal dispersion, and higher reducibility, thereby providing a strong interaction of bimetallic active sites. This study reveals that Co 3 O 4 promotes Ni/TiO 2 NRs activity and stability toward H 2 production and is promising for commercial applications.

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