Resumo O artigo tem por objetivo contribuir na identificação das condições e tendências de acesso e utilização dos serviços da atenção primária em saúde (APS) pelos idosos brasileiros nos anos de 2008, 2013 e 2019. Um estudo transversal em painéis com análise descritiva dos percentuais e intervalos de confiança das variáveis elencadas, no qual foram resgatados os dados relativos à população idosa investigada no Suplemento Saúde da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) do ano 2008 e da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) 2013 e 2019. Inicialmente identificou-se que, apesar da APS ter sido o principal serviço procurado mediante a necessidade de assistência, houve uma tendência de redução para esta procura em todas as regiões brasileiras, principalmente entre as mulheres idosas, na faixa etária de 60-69 anos e na população de raça/cor branca. Verificou-se um aumento de 15,2% no quantitativo de domicílios cadastrados na Unidade de Saúde da Família; 4,5% na procura por lugar, serviço ou profissional de saúde; e de 31,4% na população atendida. Os principais fatores de não atendimento foram não conseguir vaga/senha e não ter médico atendendo. E, dentre os investigados, verificou-se uma tendência de crescimento entre os que tinham o diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus e multimorbidades.
The distribution of harms to health varies spatially determined by the socioeconomic conditions of the environment. This research aimed to assess the spatial distribution of dental caries in 12-year-old children and their correlation with socioeconomic indicators in Brazilian states. The sample of this ecological study comprised all the 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District. Thematic and correlation maps were constructed in order to assess the spatial dependency, as well as the correlation between dental caries and socioeconomic factors. The results showed that the states with the worst DMFT indexes were located in the north and northeast, showing spatial autocorrelation. These regions also had the worst results for the following variables: poverty, illiteracy, education, and income. The bivariate analysis showed that household income and education level had negative spatial correlation with the DMFT index, while illiteracy and poverty rates showed positive correlation. Despite advances in the decline of DMFT index in recent years, there is still an inequity in the distribution of the caries disease.
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyze the hospitalizations of the elderly for conditions sensitive to primary care (ICSAP) and associated contextual factors, referring to elderly people aged 60 and over, living in municipalities in the Northeast region. METHODS Characterized as being an ecological study using data from the Hospital Information System (SIH) and the Basic Attention Information System (SIAB) referring to elderly people aged 60 and over. RESULTS The total hospitalization rate was 527,524, with the highest number due to heart failure, followed by cerebrovascular diseases, and infectious gastroenteritis. Analyzing the ICSAP rates with the contextual factors, all were significant. Regarding the coverage of basic care, a similarity occurred between them, and for the rate of the number of consultations among the elderly, despite the greater number of these in the municipalities with higher hospitalization rates, there was no significant difference between them. CONCLUSION We conclude that the contextual factors interfere in the conditions of this hospitalization, necessitating, besides the improvement of primary care, an improvement in the living conditions of the elderly population.
Objective: To evaluate the feeding practices for infants under one year of age, according to food and nutrition policies. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study based on secondary data from the Chamada Neonatal project (research on prenatal, childbirth, and infant care) in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The sample analyzed comprised 837 mother/child (under one year of age) pairs. We found a prevalence of data on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in the first hour of life - partial and total -, as well as on food consumed by children 24 hours prior to the interview. We estimated the probability of consumption according to the child’s age in days using the probit analysis. Results: Among the interviewed mothers, 64.8% (95%CI 62.4-70.8) declared breastfeeding in the first hour of life, and 60% (95%CI 56.41-63.07) of the children were still breastfed at the end of their first year of life. The median duration of EBF was 63 days (95%CI 60-67). Water or tea, dairy products, fruits, and vegetables were introduced early, with medians lower than 180 days. The probit analysis revealed that the consumption of breast milk tended to decrease and food intake to increase as the child gets older, with exponential growth in the “unhealthy food” group. Conclusions: Although most children were breastfed up to one year of life, few did so exclusively. Foods were introduced early, with increased consumption of unhealthy ones, resulting in inadequate dietary quality according to recommendations from food and nutrition public policies.
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