O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a variabilidade da temperatura do ar em Rio Grande - RS. Para isso foi utilizado dados mensais da temperatura do ar no período entre 1913 – 2016 observados na estação meteorológica. Nas análises das variações temporais da temperatura utilizou-se técnicas estatísticas descritivas e inferencial. A estatística descritiva mostrou que a Temperatura Máxima, Média e Mínima variou entre 12.7°C – 30.9°C, 9.7°C – 25.9°C e 5.5°C – 25.5°C, respectivamente, com variação da média sazonal entre 16.94°C – 26.95°C, 13.66°C – 23.29°C e 10.41°C – 19.64°C. Bem como, evidenciou um aquecimento de 1.38° C, e 0.36°C da Temperatura Máxima e Média, uma diminuição da Temperatura Mínima de -0.51°C (todos com significância superior a 90%) e o aumento de anomalias positivas da temperatura no período após 1980. As análises da estatística inferencial mostraram que a variação cíclica da temperatura ocorre em frequências de 1, 4, 6 e 8 anos, sendo que a frequência de 1 ano está associada a sazonalidade e as frequências maiores aos impactos dos fatores remotos e regionais, com predomínio da influência do El Niño Oscilação Sul e das variações regionais na Temperatura da Superfície do Mar. Evidenciando que a variabilidade temporal da temperatura em Rio Grande ocorre em uma complexa relação de sobreposição de fenômenos climáticos, desde a escala local até a global.Palavra-chave: Estatística Descritiva; Estatística Inferencial; Modos de Variabilidade. Analysis of Variability of Air Tempertature in Rio Grande – RS (1913 – 2016)A B S T R A C TThe objective of this research was to analyze the variability of air temperature in Rio Grande - RS. For this, monthly data of air temperature of the period between 1913 and 2016 observed in the meteorological station were used. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used in the analyses of time variations in temperature. Descriptive statistics showed that the maximum temperature, average and minimum ranged from 12.7°C – 30.9°C, 9.7°C – 25.9°C and 5.5°C to 5.5°C – 25.5°C, respectively, with seasonal average variation between 6.94°C – 26.95°C, 13.66°C – 23.29°C and 10.41°C – 19.64°C. As well as, it showed a warming of 1.38° C, and 0.36°C of the maximum and average temperature, a decrease in the minimum temperature of -0.51°C (all with significance greater than 90%) and the increase of positive temperature anomalies in the period after 1980. The analyses of inferential statistics showed that the cyclic variation of temperature occurs at frequencies of 1, 4, 6 and 8 years, and the frequency of 1 year is associated with seasonality and the higher frequencies to the impacts of remote and regional factors, with predominance of the influence of El Niño Southern Oscillation and regional variations in Sea Surface Temperature. Evidencing that the temporal variability of temperature in Rio Grande occurs in a complex relationship of overlap of climatic phenomena, from the local to the global scale.Key-words: Descriptive Statistical; Inferential Statistical; Variability Modes.
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