Objective: To analyze the prevalence and incidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and its possible association with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Exposure was HPV-infection. Results: 13234 females were analyzed [median of age=46], 1215 cases of diabetes (median of age=53) and 12019 cases without diabetes (median of age=45). There were 1495 (11.3%; 95%CI 10.8–11.8) new cases of HPV infection by any genotype, 234 (1.8%; 95%CI 1.5–2.0) by genotype-16, 102 (0.8%; 95%CI 0.8–0.8) by genotype-18, and 1279 (9.7%; 95%CI 9.2–10.1) by high risk (HR) genotypes. The global crude-prevalence by any genotype, and HR-genotypes was significantly lower (p=0.008) in subjects with diabetes compared with their counterparts without diabetes. The mean duration of follow-up was 1.1 years. The global crude-incidence rate of HPV-infection per 1000 person-years by any genotype, and genotypes-16, - 18, and -HR was 99.36, 15.55, 6.78, and 85.01, respectively. The crude hazard ratio of infection by HPV-18 genotype was higher in women with diabetes and age between 20-24y (HR=36.611; 95%CI 4.009-334.303, p=0.001), and 40-44y (HR=3.947; 95%CI 1.124-13.857, p=0.032) compared with their counterparts without diabetes. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of infection by HPV-genotype-18 in young adult woman.