La enfermedad cerebro vascular (ECV) es una de las principales causas de mortalidad y discapacidad global. En países de ingresos bajos y medianos representa una situación crítica debido al incremento en su incidencia, discapacidad asociada y alta mortalidad en las últimas décadas. En sistemas de salud como el nuestro, con servicios saturados y una lenta capacidad de respuesta, brindar la atención adecuada y temprana que requieren los pacientes con ECV es una tarea pendiente, pero impostergable. La EVC puede producir hasta 19.7% de mortalidad hospitalaria y, en el seguimiento al año después del primer evento, una mortalidad adicional cercana al 20%. La mitad de los eventos son de una severidad moderada a grave y el sistema de salud tiene capacidad limitada para brindar una terapia de rehabilitación temprana adecuada; en consecuencia, la alteración de la funcionalidad evaluada al año se mantiene inalterada. Alrededor del 90% de eventos se asocian a factores de riesgo modificables donde la prevención es esencial. La ECV es una entidad sobre la que hay mucho esfuerzo por hacer.

We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a tailored physical activity (PA) prescription in overweight and obese people in a tertiary hospital in Lima, Peru. A feasibility pre–post-pilot study was conducted using mixed methods. Participants received a tailored prescription scheme for PA that lasted twelve weeks. It included two prescription sessions, three follow-up phone calls, and three evaluations. Primary feasibility outcomes were recruitment, visits, and phone call adherence. Primary intervention outcomes were self-reported PA levels and the 6 min walk test. Out of 228 people invited to participate, 30 were enrolled and received the first session of prescription, 11 went to the second session, and 21 went to the final evaluation; phone call participation decreased progressively during follow-up. There were no differences in the 6th week and the 12th week compared to the baseline for all the measures, except in the 6 min walk test. The participants considered the intervention was well designed, but they suggested complementing it with dietary instructions. The prescription of PA in overweight and obese people is feasible for promoting PA, but its implementation requires refinements to anticipate possible barriers to changing behavior.

Introduction: We explore the limitations to adherence of hand-washing and evaluate the impact of a mHealth intervention for hand hygiene in residents. Methodology: We explore resident's perspectives about Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) and hand washing. In baseline, participants completed socio-demographic characteristics and hand-washing habits survey. The intervention consisted of sending SMS three times a week for two months about hand hygiene and “five moments” for hand washing. The cultures of hands and cell phones were analyzed at baseline, 2 months and 4 months. We used chi-square and adjusted Generalized Estimating Equations. Results: Five physicians were interviewed and 33 participants were included for quantitative analysis. Critical barriers that hinder hand washing were identified. The proportion of Staphylococcus aureus in hands was 54.5% at baseline and was significantly reduced at 2 months follow-up (p = 0.009), but, benefit was lost when the intervention was discontinued; Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. were observed in 22.2% of hands, no changes were noted with intervention. In cell phones, there was a tendency to lower values of bacterial colonization after intervention for Staphylococcus aureus growth. Conclusions: High prevalence of contamination in hands and phones in medical residents were found. Serious barriers to compliance with hand washing must be overcome. It is possible that prolonged or continuous interventions could be necessary to optimize hand washing and reduce hand and cell phones contamination.

Introduction: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), previously known as hydatidosis, is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases of humans and livestock caused by the larval stage of the canine tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. Cystic echinococcosis has great economic and public health significance with a worldwide distribution. It is listed among the most severe parasitic diseases in humans, representing one of the 17 neglected diseases prioritised by the World Health Organisation. Methods and analyses: This study will review the literature on Echinococcus granulosus control strategies until 2022. This will be achieved by searching for English, Spanish, and Portuguese peer-reviewed articles in the following electronic databases MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Global Index Medicus to locate the relevant articles. We will perform a grey literature search including the American Society of Tropical Medicine Annual Conference Abstract Book from 2017 to 2022, the World Association of Echinococcosis Congress Abstract Book from 2017 to 2022, Google Scholar (first 200 hits), and review the references of the selected articles. No restrictions on study design will be applied. We will develop a systematic search strategy using a combination of keywords and Boolean operators AND/OR. Eligibility screening and data extraction will be conducted by two independent reviewers, and disagreements resolved by a third independent reviewer. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical review is not required as scoping reviews are a form of secondary data analysis that synthesizes data from public available sources. Review findings will be shared with researchers, public health authorities, and other relevant stakeholders and disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations. This protocol is registered on the Open Science Framework (www.osf.io) with DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/48AZR.

Introducción: Las tecnologías de información y comunicación pueden ayudarnos a mejorar el control metabólico y la adherencia de las personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos de una intervención con llamadas telefónicas en pacientes ambulatorios con DM2 mal controlada de un hospital en Perú. Material y Métodos: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado. Incluimos adultos con DM2 con mal control glicémico (HbA1c > 7%), quienes fueron aleatorizados al grupo control (cuidado usual) o al grupo intervención (cuidado usual más una intervención con llamadas telefónicas cada dos semanas por tres meses). El desenlace principal fue la reducción ≥ 1% de hemoglobina glicosilada a los tres meses. Resultados: Se reclutó 94 participantes (47 en cada grupo). La edad promedio fue 59,8 años (DE: 10,2), 69,2 % fueron mujeres. A los tres meses, solo 14/47 participantes del grupo control y 13/47 participantes del grupo intervención tuvieron medición de HbA1c. Entre estos, el porcentaje de los que lograron una disminución ≥ 1% de HbA1c fue de 35,7% (5/14) en el grupo control y 53,8% (7/13) en el grupo intervención (RR: 0,72, IC 95%: 0,35-1,47). No se encontró diferencias en la adherencia al tratamiento entre ambos grupos. Conclusiones: No se encontró diferencias estadísticamente significativas para los desenlaces de interés. Posiblemente esto se deba al bajo porcentaje de participantes a los que se logró completar el seguimiento.