Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of IL-10 in the gingival crevicular fluid in HIV-1 positive patients with chronic periodontitis and to compare with HIV-1 negative patients with chronic periodontitis, also to correlate clinical periodontal parameters, viral load and count of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes (LTCD4+ and LTCD8+). Methods: 33 patients were selected and splitted into two groups: 16 HIV-1 positive patients and 17 HIV-1 negative patients and all with chronic periodontitis. The clinical periodontal parameters recorded were: Probing Depth (PD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL); the sistemical parameters LTCD4+, LTCD8+ and viral load were analized by the gingival crevicular fluid collected from all patients. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the concentrations of Interleukin (IL)-10. For the statistical analysis the Student t, Mann-Whitney and Spearman tests were performed. IL-10 levels were significantly lower in both patients groups. Results: There was statistical difference betwen groups for probing depth (p=0.015) and clinical attachment level (p=0.011), no significant correlation was found among the analyzed variables. Conclusion: The IL-10 levels in HIV-1 positive patients had no influence in periodontal and medical parameters.

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RESUMOPigmentações Melânicas (PM) são manchas escuras localizadas na mucosa mastigatória. Essas pigmentações são consequência da produção demasiada de melanina pelos melanócitos, localizados na camada basal do epitélio, em meio às células epiteliais e células do tecido conjuntivo. As PM do periodonto são resultados da transferência dos grânulos de melanina dos melanócitos para os queratinócitos, um processo denominado de melanina epidérmica. O presente estudo tem como objetivo apresentar um caso clínico de dermoabrasão para tratamento de hiperpigmentação melânica gengival de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 21 anos de idade, não fumante, em tratamento ortodôntico e sem alterações sistêmicas. Essa paciente compareceu à clínica de Especialização em Periodontia da Associação Brasileira de Odontologia (ABO) com a queixa principal de comprometimento estético do sorriso por conta do excesso de melanina nos tecidos gengivais, na região anterossuperior. A técnica de dermoabrasão epitelial, com instrumentos manuais, promoveu resultados estéticos na despigmentação melânica.

Melanic pigmentations (MP) are dark stains located on the masticatory mucosa. These pigmentations are consequence of the excess of melanin  production by  the  melanocytes  located  in  the  basal  layer  of  the epithelium, between epithelial cells and connective tissue cells. The MP of the periodontium are the results of the melanin granules transfer from the melanocytes to the keratinocytes, in a process called epidermal melanin.  This study aims to report a clinical case of dermabrasion for treatment of gingival melanin hyper pigmentation of a female patient, 21 years of age, non smoker, under orthodontic treatment and without systemic alterations. This patient attended the Clinic of Specialization in Periodontics of the Brazilian Association of Dentistry (ABO) with the aesthetic of her smile as the chief complain, due to the excess of melanin on the gingival tissues, in the anterior superior region.  The  epithelial  dermabrasion technique, with hand tools, promoted aesthetic results on the melanic depigmentation.

Aim: This study evaluated the chemical composition of Lippia thymoides (Lt) essential oil and its antimicrobial activity against fungal strains of Candida albicans (Ca) and Gram-negative bacteria Prevotella intermedia (Pi) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn). Methods: Lt essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation apparatus with a modified Clevenger extension. The chemical analysis was analyzed by gas phase chromatography and mass spectrometry on Shimadzu QP 2010 plus. Sample sensitivity evaluation was performed by ABHb-inoculum and culture plates were developed with triphenyltetrazolium chloride, also Fn and Pi samples analysis were in anaerobic environment and Ca sample analysis was performed in aerobic environment. The minimum inhibitory concentration (CIM) was determinated by microdilution in eppendorfs tubes. Results: The chemical analysis showed that Thymol (59,91%) is the main compound found in Lt essential oil, also other antifungal and antimicrobial agents were present γ-terpinene (8.16%), p-cymene (7.29%) and β-caryophyllene (4.49%), Thymol is a central ingredient of many medicinal plants and has a potent fungicidal, bactericidal and antioxidant activity, it has been previously shown to have anti-inflammatory activity against Periodontal Disease (PD) cause can reduces prostanoids, interleukins, leukotrienes levels in periodontium. CIM result Pi was 6.5 μg/mL, Fn was 1.5 μg/mL and Ca was 0.19 μg/mL. Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity of L. thymoides, through the compound Thymol, has been shown promising potential against gram-negative periodontopathogenic bacteria and fungi whose therapeutic arsenal is still very restricted.