The Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP) is a newly developed, lexically based, conceptual model of psychopathy. The content validity of the Spanish language CAPP model was evaluated using prototypicality analysis. Prototypicality ratings were collected from 187 mental health experts and from samples of 143 health professionals and 282 community residents. Across the samples the majority of CAPP items were rated as highly prototypical of psychopathy. The Self, Dominance, and Attachment domains were evaluated as being more prototypical than the Behavioral and Cognitive domains. These findings are consistent with findings from similar studies in other languages and provide further support for the content validation of the CAPP model across languages and the lexical approach.
Sound from media increases the immersion of the audience in the story, adding credibility to the narration but also generating emotions in the spectator. A study on children aged 9-13 years (N = 253), using an audio story, investigated the emotional impact of arousal vs. neutral treatment of sound and 3D vs. stereo mix spatialization. The emotional impact was measured combining three different measures: physiological (Electrodermal activity), self-report (pre-post exposition), and richness of mental images elicited by the story (using Think-aloud technique after exposition). Results showed higher emotional impact of the arousal and 3D audio conditions with different patterns according to the age of the participants and distinctive types of interaction when both variables were combined.
INTRODUCCIÓN: El desarrollo de una orientación profesional de calidad requiere de una actuación colaborativa y coordinada de los diferentes stakeholders. De una parte, este trabajo persigue explorar las posibilidades de la investigación colaborativa en el diagnóstico de la situación de la orientación en la Formación Profesional. Por otra parte, pretende mostrar la aplicabilidad de la investigación colaborativa en los procesos de co-diseño, y co-producción de propuestas de innovación y mejora de la orientación en la Formación Profesional. MÉTODO: Para ello, se utiliza un enfoque de investigación colaborativa con un diseño de caso único Tipo II (Yin, 2014) que se concreta en la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía. Los participantes de esta investigación se organizaron en 4 grupos: grupo motor, panel de expertos, grupo de contraste y equipo de investigación. Para la recogida de información se ha llevado a cabo un proceso iterativo a través de sesiones grupales de generación de ideas creativas, inspiradas en la metodología de Design Thinking, una Jornada de contraste y herramientas de carácter multimodal. El proceso de análisis empleado ha sido el co-análisis, utilizando como herramienta la técnica DAFO. RESULTADOS: La investigación colaborativa se muestra en este artículo como una metodología que favorece la creación de espacios pedagógicos para el co-diseño de programas y servicios en un marco de equidad y justicia social. DISCUSIÓN: Las conclusiones evidencian las posibilidades y riqueza que tiene la investigación colaborativa en el desarrollo de espacios de diálogo donde investigadores, políticos y prácticos tengan una participación equitativa para el co-diseño de propuestas de mejora de prestación de servicios públicos orientados al bienestar social.
La narrativa es una de las formas características de construir la realidad en la medida en que expresa, representa y ordena la experiencia dinámica de la acción humana. Aplicada a la investigación de la experiencia escolar, permite descubrir cómo el alumnado interpreta determinados acontecimientos o situaciones vividas en la escuela. En este artículo profundizamos en las principales dimensiones desde las cuales se entiende la narrativa dentro del campo de las ciencias sociales: (a) Como material que se investiga, se concibe como una experiencia expresada en un relato y principal recurso para el análisis del contexto escolar; (b) Como forma de pensamiento, se trata de un proceso cognitivo a través del cual las personas expresan y valoran su experiencia; (c) Como enfoque de investigación, constituye una forma de construir, explorar o analizar las experiencias individuales y colectivas. En definitiva, la narrativa en forma de relato es una técnica que, aunque se utiliza escasamente dentro del campo educativo, resulta adecuada a la hora de inferir creencias, deseos, valores o actitudes que los estudiantes poseen sobre su entorno escolar.
BACKGROUND: Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS) causes disability and lowers health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for patients. Many patients become refractory to Conventional Medical Management (CMM) and Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) is advised. However, comparative effectiveness research of both clinical approaches still lacks further evidence. OBJECTIVES: This study describes Comparative Effectiveness Research of CMM versus SCS to provide real world evidence regarding the appropriate means for FBSS management, in terms of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measures. STUDY DESIGN: Naturalistic, pragmatic, prospective observational multicenter SEFUDOCE-study SETTING: FBSS patients attending clinical programmed visits in Pain Unit at Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and at Hospital General Universitario de Alicante (Spain). METHODS: Study evaluates the impact on pain, functional limitation, and HRQoL of CMM versus SCS in the management of FBSS. Patients completed Pain Detect Questionnaire, Oswestry Disability Index, EQ-5D-3L, Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Longitudinal data were analysed with repeated-measures one-way analysis of variance adjusting by confounders. RESULTS: Eighty-five adults patients with FBSS receiving treatment according to current clinical practice were assessed. After 24 months, the PainDETECT Questionnnaire showed that CMM patients maintained similar scores, while SCS patients reduced their overall score (current pain: 6 CMM versus 4.21 SCS, P = 0.0091; intensity strongest pain: 7.77 CMM versus 6.07 SCS, P = 0.0103; average pain: 6.46 CMM versus 4.75 SCS, P = 0.0012). For the Oswestry Disability Index, the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale no significant inter-group differences were found. EQ-5D utility improved in SCS patients from baseline (baseline: 0.32 CMM versus 0.22 SCS; 24-month: 0.37 CMM versus 0.63 SCS, P = 0.026). Twenty-four month follow-up showed unlikely presence of neuropathic pain and moderate disability in SCS patients, whereas the CMM patients maintained baseline health state. LIMITATIONS: Given the nature of the intervention, conducting a blinded study was not considered practically feasible. A larger sample could also overcome having younger patients in the SCS arm. CONCLUSIONS: SCS may improve the HRQoL and functionality of FBSS patients with refractory pain in the long-term compared to CMM alone. KEY WORDS: Chronic pain management, conventional medical management, failed back surgery syndrome, observational study, spinal cord stimulation
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