Background/Purpose: The eff ect of bleaching agents on dental hard tissues was uncertain. Moreover, reverting the side eff ects caused by bleaching using nutraceuticals as remineralizing agents remained uninvestigated. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the eff ect of 22% carbamide peroxide (CP) on the mineral content of enamel and to evaluate the remineralization of bleached enamel after treatment with three diff erent remineralizing agents. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 extracted human maxillary incisors were selected, and their initial mineral content was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). All the specimens were bleached with 22% CP and their mineral content was reanalyzed. They were then randomly divided into three groups. Group A: Remineralization with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), Group B: Remineralization with a 6.5% grape seed extract (GSE) solution prepared in phosphate buff er, and Group C: Remineralization with 6.5% wheat grass solution in phosphate buff er. Remineralization was carried out for 10 min, and EDX analysis was carried out again. Statistical analysis was done using oneway ANOVA and Student's t-test. Results: Bleaching with 22% CP signifi cantly decreased the mineral content of the enamel. All the three remineralizing agents signifi cantly increased the mineral content. Group A (CPP-ACP) showed the highest remineralization than Group B and C but was not statistically signifi cant. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that bleaching with CP decreases the mineral content of enamel and agents such as CPP-ACP, GSE, and wheat grass help in remineralizing the bleached surface.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the tissue dissolution efficacy of Azadirachta indica (A. indica) irrigant and sodium hypochlorite. Materials and Methods: 40 bovine muscle tissue specimens of equal dimensions were used in the experiment. Based on tissue specimen treatment, they were divided into four test groups - 3%NaOCl (Group I), 7.5% A. indica irrigant (Group II), alternative use of 3%NaOCl and 7.5% A. indica irrigant (Group III) and control group as distilled water (Group IV). Tissue specimens were weighed before and after placing in test solutions at 2 different time intervals (30,60 minutes). Results: The results revealed that 3%NaOCl showed highest tissue dissolution followed by alternative use of 3%NaOCl. and A. indica irrigant, A. indica alone and distilled water (Group I >III>II>IV). The larger the duration of contact with irrigant better is the tissue dissolution. Conclusion: 7.5% A. indica irrigant alone does not have any tissue dissolving property but in combination it acts as a neutral solution neither increasing nor decreasing the capability of 3%NaOCl.