ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evaluate relationships between transient elastography values and liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease patients with normal or mildly abnormal aminotransferase levels. Fiftysix patients were enrolled in the study. Transient elastography and liver biopsy were performed on the same day, and the fibrosis was staged based on the Scheuer scoring system. Liver stiffness was measured to assessed liver fibrosis using transient elastography. The transient elastography values of 12 patients with chronic hepatitis B were studied before and 6 months after antiviral treatment. The sensitivity and specificity for 10.88 kPa in S3 were 80 and 87.8%, and for 19.4 kPa in S4, were 100 and 90.7%, respectively. In univariate analysis, liver stiffness strongly correlated with the fibrosis stage (r = 0.70, P < 0.5), moderately correlated with the aminotransferases (r = 0.398, P < 0.05), 18173Transient elastography values and liver fibrosis ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (4): 18172-18180 (2015) and poorly correlated with the degree of necroinflammatory activity (r = 0.19, P < 0.5). In multivariate regression, liver stiffness correlated only with the fibrosis stage (P < 0.05). Pre-and post-treatment viral loads were not significantly different [(4.81 ± 0.15) x 10 6 vs (7.62 ± 0. 16) x 10 3 , P > 0.05]. Pre-and post-treatment LS measurements were not correlated with viral load (P > 0.05). Pre-and post-treatment LS measurements were not significantly different (P > 0.02). In conclusion, transient elastography values correlated with the stage of cirrhosis, alanine aminotransferase levels, and antiviral treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B and did not correlate with viral loads.