The article studies the practice of one special form of closed accommodation: special care. The term suggests that this is a welfare-oriented response to norm-breaking behaviour of young people. The empirical example comes from Finland, where special care is defined as restrictive activity under the Child Welfare Act and aimed at, among other things, interrupting a vicious circle of crime in young people for the best interests of the child. A contradictory picture is drawn of special care. The article suggests that the contradictions should be understood -but not necessarily accepted -within the social context in which the institutional placements take place.
Previous research has demonstrated that children who grow up in foster family carealong with other child welfare recipientsmanage less well in adulthood compared to those children who do not. Given this challenge, this integrative literature review locates the critical factors that either positively or negatively affect a child's development in foster family care. The articles were analysed using theory-driven content classification in relation to Bronfenbrenner's bioecological framework on child development. The results of the review suggest that there is a wide range of factors that could impact on a child's development in foster family care. Child-related factors such as the child's age, gender, behavioural or mental health problems, etc. were mentioned most often in the data. Micro-environmental factors are also essential to a child's development. Linkages taking place between two or more of the child's circumstances, such as the relationship between the child's birth and foster families and between the foster family and the social worker, were also identified as being influential. Service usage and political and legislative factors, as well as attitudes towards children in care, were also indicated to be strongly influential. It is suggested that the factors identified in this review should be carefully considered as important aspects of care for fostered children and care documentation.
This qualitative study explores how psychiatric care is negotiated together with multiple health workers from different professional backgrounds and the client as a dialogical process. The purpose of this article is to study the dialogical process of building shared understanding in interprofessional client sessions in a psychiatric clinic.The data was collected from Finnish interprofessional psychiatric services teams. The research material collected consists of three videorecorded interprofessional client sessions. The data was analysed using narrative content analysis. The findings reveal that question-driven discussion reduces the dialogical space but, on the other hand, is needed to build shared understanding. Dialogical moments including confrontations could give room for multivoicedness in the interprofessional process. The assessment and the treatment plan for the client, i.e. the goals of the client process, were created session by session and jointly by all members of the interprofessional team.
Mielenterveystyön hoidon alkuarvioinnissa selvitetään asiakkaan vahvuudet ja haasteet eri elämän osa-alueilla, punnitaan interventioiden tarve, hoidon tavoitteet ja hoidon seuranta. Mielenterveys- hoidon alkuarvioinnin tulee olla suunnitelmallista ja laadukasta, jotta potilaan oikeus hyvään hoitoon toteutuu. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin, millaisissa tulkintakehyksissä (Goffman 1986) hoidon alkuarviointi jäsentyy mielenterveystyön moniammatillisen hoitotiimin ja asiakkaan välillä. Tutkimusaineistoina ovat videoidut ja litteroidut kolme hoidontarpeen arviointikäyntiä ja asiakastapaamisten jälkeen työntekijöiden käymät reflektiokeskustelut psykiatrisella polikilinikalla. Aineiston analyysin tuloksena alkuarvioinnista identifioitiin hoidontarpeen, mielenterveyden, huolen, ja tulevaisuuden tulkintakehykset. Tulosten perusteella asiakkaan ja työntekijöiden toiminta ja roolit vaihtelivat kehyksittäin. Hoidontarpeen arvioinnin ja mielenterveyden tulkintakehyksessä tavoitteina oli saada tietoa potilaan kokonaistilanteesta, oireista ja tehdä diagnoosi. Hoitotiimin jäsenet esittivät kysymyksiä, ja potilas oli selontekovelvollinen. Huolen tulkintakehyksessä tavoitteena oli lievittää potilaan diagnoosin aiheuttamaa stigmatisoitumista ja aktivoida potilasta rohkaisevilla, suostuttelevilla ja selitystä pyytävillä kysymyksillä. Potilaalla oli hoitoa tarvitsevan sairastuneen rooli. Tulevaisuuden tulkintakehyksessä tavoitteena oli potilaan toimijuuden tukeminen ja aktivointi sekä potilaan hoidon oikea-aikaisuuden turvaaminen. Potilaalla oli vastuullisen toimijan rooli. Tulokset tuovat näkyväksi hoidon alkuarvioinnin ja sen merkityksen omana työvaiheenaan mielenterveystyössä. Lisäksi tulokset auttavat tunnistamaan prosessin eri vaiheita, potilaan ja työntekijöiden rooleja ja kysymysten merkitystä. Tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää alkuarvioinnin kehittämisessä, sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten koulutuksessa ja käytännön potilastyössä.
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