Background: Hypertension (HTN) is the leading risk factor for death and disability globally and disproportionately impacts low-and middle-income countries. HTN is present in 25% of urban and 10% of rural subjects in India. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of pre-HTN and HTN among the attendants of patients at a rural tertiary care institute of Haryana.Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. A total of 309 attendants of patients were enrolled for this study. Diagnosis of pre-HTN and HTN was done on the basis of seventh joined national committee guidelines. Data were collected on a semi-structured proforma and were analysed by using R software.Results: The prevalence of pre-HTN and HTN was 18.4% and 21.4% respectively. Both the pre-HTN and HTN were significantly higher in males (p=0.002) and in the age group of 45 to 55 years (p<0.001). The multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that sex, age >55 years and BMI >23 kg/m2 were significantly associated with pre-HTN and HTN.Conclusions: The prevalence of both prehypertension and hypertension is high in rural Haryana. This makes the people of this area vulnerable to several chronic diseases. The findings warrant urgent measures to lower the risk factors in rural communities. So, programs are needed to improve the surveillance systems and implementation of community based screening programs for early detection of hypertension.

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Background: A hypertensive crisis may manifest as hypertensive emergency or urgency. Hypertensive emergency is characterized by target organ damage and poses immediate threat to life, a situation not seen in urgency. Aims and Objectives: The aims of the study were as follows: (1) To determine the prevalence of hypertensive crisis classified as emergency, urgency, and pseudocrisis. (2) To assess the various systems (neurological, cardiovascular, and renal) affected in relation to a particular type of hypertensive crisis. Materials and Methods: The retrospective study comprised analysis of medical records of 100 patients of hypertensive crisis admitted to emergency unit of BPS Government Medical College and Hospital for Women, Sonepat, Haryana, India, in the 2 years period from January 2018 to December 2019 and study their prevalence among hospital emergencies and clinical presentation. Results: Total number of clinical emergencies analyzed during this time interval was 6666. The prevalence of hypertensive crisis accounted to 1.5% of all the clinical emergencies received. About 66% presented as hypertensive emergencies, 32% as hypertensive urgency, and 2% presented as hypertensive pseudocrisis. Males of the fifth decade of life while females of the sixth decade of life were most affected by hypertensive crisis. Headache (58%) followed by giddiness (44%) was the most common clinical presentation in the emergency. About 34% of patients had associated neurological deficit. Only 16% of patients had cardiovascular system involvement. Conclusion: Symptoms provided by patients in the emergency department are of paramount importance for the outcome of hypertensive crisis. Severe complication of hypertensive crisis can be prevented if hypertension is timely diagnosed and appropriately managed.

Background: Non-communicable diseases are on the upsurge throughout the world. They take a toll of 71% of overall total death, majorly contributed by cardiovascular disease. Hypertension has been a consistent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases among the various risk factors. Hypertension’s asymptomatic nature makes it a silent killer; many lives are avertable if a timely diagnosis can be assured. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among the attendees of a sub-district hospital. Materials and Methods: We conveniently chose 100 participants of age 30 years from the out-patient department of a sub-district hospital in Gohana, Haryana. Any attendees aged more than 30 years was requested to participate in the study. The execution of the study was done in accordance to the guidelines laid in Helsinki Declaration 1975, revised 1983. Due permission was taken from the concerned authority of the study facility. After obtaining well-informed consent, data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. The blood pressure was measured and classified per JNC-8 guidelines. Any participant having systolic B.P. more than 140 mmHg and diastolic B.P. more than 90 mmHg on two 5 min apart readings was considered hypertensive. The descriptive analysis was done in terms of frequencies and proportions. The Chi-square test was done to determine any association of undiagnosed hypertension with selected risk factors. Results: We report a 59% prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among study participants. The undiagnosed hypertension was statistically associated (P<0.05) with higher body mass index, less physically active, being a diabetic, alcoholic, smoker, and having a positive family history of hypertension. Only 2% of the participants knew of any health program on non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: A higher prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension even after health facility visits for any other reason warrants the standardized and universal blood pressure measurement of patients visiting health facilities irrespective of the health issue, for which they are visiting.

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