Rational design and synthesis of novel compounds with both effectivity and safety properties have always been a formidable task in the development of drugs. Oxadiazoles are heterocyclic bioscaffolds occurring as motifs in drug-like molecules. This review article highlights comprehensive and systematic information of compounds containing 1,2,4-oxadiazoles and 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings. The routes for the synthesis of the oxadiazoles have also discussed along with their biological significance. This review may help researchers in rational design for the development of effective and less toxic 1,3,4-oxadiazole based compounds. We present an informative review about the drugs derived from oxadiazole rings and their therapeutic application as well as a brief remark on the future development prospects.

Derivatives of 1,3,4-oxadiazole are effective in the treatment and cure of a wide range of diseases in medical chemistry, while industrial development has shown that they can be utilised as corrosion inhibitors and light-emitting diodes. The researchers discovered several promising synthetic strategies that created 1,3,4-oxadiazoles in extraordinarily high yields while using environmentally friendly methods. These compounds can potentially be used in a wide range of life-changing applications. Stable isomeric oxadiazole forms of pleconaril, raltegravir, butalamine, fasiplon, oxolamine, and several other drugs are among the numerous potent and effective pharmaceuticals that are now on the market. Fasiplon, butalamine, raltegravir, and pleconaril treat HIV/AIDS patients. This article has attempted to bring attention to the chemistry and pharmacology of oxadiazole and its derivatives. Oxadiazole derivatives have been used extensively as prospective therapeutic agents in clinical research, and this has become standard practice. The use of biological and in-silico models has enabled scientists to identify more synthetic analogues of cancer prevention, antifungal, and anti-HIV medications. This article provides recent information regarding procedures synthesizing 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and their biological actions on the body.

Anti-inflammatory agents suppress inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins, prostacyclins, cytokines, thromboxane, histamine, bradykinins, COX-I and COX-II, 5-LOX, and other substances. These inflammatory chemicals create inflammatory responses when tissue is injured by trauma, bacteria, heat, toxins, or other factors. These inflammatory reactions may result in fluid flow from the blood vessels into the tissues, resulting in swelling. When the therapeutic importance of these clinically beneficial medications in treating inflammation was recognized, it spurred the invention of even more powerful and important molecules. Oxadiazole derivatives are exceptionally potent NSAIDs, and they are widely used. Comprehensive biochemical, structure-activity-relationship and pharmacological investigations have demonstrated that these 1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. This review article outlines the synthesis scheme for 1,3,4-oxadiazole used in treating inflammation.