The article examines the theoretical aspects of the concept “human resources” and its relationship with the model of economic growth. The authors outlined the factors influencing the formation and quality of human resources in Russia and substantiated the direct dependence of the total human resources of the country on the volume of the human resources of Russia’s regions. The article examines how education and wages affect the movement of graduates, seen as a promising part of the country’s human resources, in the labor market. The authors analyzed the indicators of the formation and use of human resources in Russia for the period from 2010 to 2020. The research confirmed the significance of the implemented national project aimed at increasing labor productivity and supporting the employment in Russia, as it is crucial for increasing human resources. The authors proposed measures aimed at improving the quality of human resources in Russia and, as a result, increasing quality of life.