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INTRODUCTION: The theme of work restriction is included in the field of health and work. In the context of work leave and professional rehabilitation, it becomes an important element to return to work and, mainly, to the job retention. However, its concept is incipient, less addressed in action plans of worker health, researches and scientific productions in the area. The occurrence of the work capacity reduction in a scenario of impossibility of job readaptation promotes the designation of work restriction, configuring itself as a complex issue to workers and employing institution.