Neuroblastoma is a malignant tumor that develops from the stem cells of the sympathetic ganglia and the adrenal medulla and belongs to the group of neuroendocrine tumors. It is most often localized in the adrenal glands and the retroperitoneal space, less – in sympathetic ganglia of the neck and thoracic cavity. Pain syn-drome is one of the leading manifestations in patients with disease progression. Unlike other patients, a pain syndrome in oncological patients is not a temporary or periodic sensation, it has no physio-logical expediency, it does not have a protective mechanism, but, on the contrary, pain in this group of patients leads to inadaptation, distorted perception of pain and small impulses, most importantly, accompanied by various disorders of the functions of the central nervous system in the patient’s body.

The aim of the study was to show principles of diagnosis and treatment of Askin’s tumor in children. Diagnostic procedures include physical examination, chest X-ray, CT scan and PET CT, morphological, histological and immunohistochemical examinations, cytogenetic study. Primitive neuroectodermal tumors belong to the group of low differentiated, overly aggressive neoplasms, originating from cells of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. Patient F., 9 years old, first consulted by pediatric oncologist in 2014 with complaints of volume formation in the chest on the right side which progressively increases. Diagnosis: PNEP (primitive neuroectodermal tumor) of the soft tissues of the chest on the right side in the 4th intercostal space along the midclavicular line T2aN0M0, stage 2a, standard risk group. We’ve shown results of diagnostical process, treatment and it’s result in our patient. Patients who have received combination therapy, including chemotherapy, surgical removal of the tumor and radiation therapy, have better prognostic results. However, relapses often occur that require more aggressive treatment with high-dose chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, and bone marrow transplantation.