The purpose — to study the current state of the problem of endometrial polyps, to analyze the prevalence of alleles and genotypes of the rs11841589 polymorphism of the KLF12 gene and their association with the risk of endometrial polyps and endometrial cancer in women. Material and methods. The article presents an overview of publications based on search results in the electronic resources PubMed, Elibrary, EMBASE and Google Scholar. The study included 247 women living in the Republic of Tatarstan: 86 with endometrial polyps (PE), 60 with endometrial cancer (RE), 101 patients without pathological changes in the endometrium. Clinical and laboratory examination, genotyping of the polymorphism rs11841589 of the KLF12 gene, pathomorphological examination of the endometrium were carried out. The biomaterial for genotyping the polymorphism rs11841589 of the KLF12 gene was DNA from whole blood (TestGen, Ulyanovsk). A set of reagents «Rapid-Genetics Test» by DNA-Technology LLC (Moscow, Russia) was used. The study was carried out within the framework of KSMU research No. 122082300042-2 in compliance with the principles and conditions of the Helsinki Declaration. Results. Endometrial polyps, due to their prevalence, high frequency of abnormal uterine bleeding and the risk of malignancy, represent one of the most serious gynecological problems worldwide. The mutant allele with the rs11841589 polymorphism of the KLF12 gene and the CC genotype, according to the study, do not significantly increase the risk of developing endometrial polyps and endometrial cancer in women living in the Republic of Tatarstan. It is proved that the prevalence of alleles and genotypes is comparable to the European population. Conclusion. This study showed that 247 residents of the Republic of Tatarstan included in the study had no association of rs11841589 polymorphism of the KLF12 gene with the risk of developing endometrial polyps and endometrial cancer.

Aim. To investigate the modern condition of the problem of infertility and obstetric complications in endometriosis and the main management aspects of women with endometriosis in pregnancy planning. Materials and methods. The article presents a systematic literature review on the results of search for studies in electronic databases MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and eLibrary. Results. Endometriosis is one of the most common causes of infertility. A cascade of adverse reactions caused by endometriosis prevents a successful pregnancy. Currently, there is an evidence that patients with endometriosis have a high risk of several obstetric complications, such as spontaneous miscarriage, premature birth, preeclampsia, low birth weight and gestational diabetes. Progestogens belong to the first line of therapy of endometriosis, and dydrogesterone is a drug that meets all the necessary requirements. The use of dydrogesterone in the treatment of endometriosis helps to reduce the negative symptoms of endometriosis, improve the quality of life and increase fertility. Dydrogesterone is the only progestogen that has two effective regimens for endometriosis, which allows prescribing therapy for women who are planning pregnancy and for those who have already realized their reproductive plans. Dydrogesterone is the only progestogen that has been suggested to increase the chances of pregnancy in women with endometriosis. Dydrogesterone has been shown to be effective in supporting the luteal phase in ART programs, treating threatening and recurrent miscarriages. Conclusion. Endometriosis is associated with infertility and a high risk of obstetric complications. Dydrogesterone has a number of advantages compared to other progestogens.

Aim. To examine the current state of the problem of the prediction of preeclampsia in early pregnancy. Materials and methods. The article provides an overview of publications based on search results in electronic resources PubMed, Elibrary, EMBASE and Google Scholar. Results. The currently known predictors of preeclampsia can be divided into biochemical and hemodynamic. A number of markers demonstrate prognostic value already in the early stages of gestation. To predict preeclampsia, algorithms are created. They include various combinations of its predictors and maternal risk factors. Conclusion. Prediction of preeclampsia is gradually moving from theory to practice. The instruments of its early forecasting before the gestational age of 14 weeks 6 days are becoming available. That opens up opportunities for targeted and timely prevention of preeclampsia.