The use of additional parameters obtained with the help of bioimpedance analysis allows correctly to establish or exclude the diagnosis of obesity when conducting a survey of men. We proposed the «fat mass index» index, which has the greatest sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of obesity. The use of ROC-analysis allowed setting threshold values (cut-off points) in samples of a number of bioimpedanceometry indicators for diagnosing obesity according to known grades of body mass index according to the classification of the World Health Organization. Thus, for the visceral fat area, this boundary corresponds to 103,95 cm2, the fat mass index is 7,33 kg / m2, the fat mass is 22,45 kg, the percentage of body fat is 24,55% and the degree of abdominal obesity is0, 94%. Exceeding the above thresholds can be used as additional criteria for diagnosing obesity. The existence of phenotypic and metabolic heterogeneity of persons with normal body weight and obese patients is shown. It was confirmed that 93,3% of patients are metabolically unwell, and 6,7% are metabolically healthy. A similar pattern is also observed with normal body weight: a larger pool (92,4%) is metabolically healthy, and a small proportion of people (7,6%) are metabolically unwell. At present, normative values do not exist for all parameters obtained with the help of bioimpedance analysis; therefore, in the complex survey of men, the use of the optimal cut-off threshold for the studied indicators will help to identify individuals with true obesity. The results obtained should increase the diagnostic value of biomedance analysis of body composition and help to conduct an effective evaluation of curative and preventive measures for obesity by comparing the considered indicators in dynamics.

The purpose — to study the current state of the problem of endometrial polyps, to analyze the prevalence of alleles and genotypes of the rs11841589 polymorphism of the KLF12 gene and their association with the risk of endometrial polyps and endometrial cancer in women. Material and methods. The article presents an overview of publications based on search results in the electronic resources PubMed, Elibrary, EMBASE and Google Scholar. The study included 247 women living in the Republic of Tatarstan: 86 with endometrial polyps (PE), 60 with endometrial cancer (RE), 101 patients without pathological changes in the endometrium. Clinical and laboratory examination, genotyping of the polymorphism rs11841589 of the KLF12 gene, pathomorphological examination of the endometrium were carried out. The biomaterial for genotyping the polymorphism rs11841589 of the KLF12 gene was DNA from whole blood (TestGen, Ulyanovsk). A set of reagents «Rapid-Genetics Test» by DNA-Technology LLC (Moscow, Russia) was used. The study was carried out within the framework of KSMU research No. 122082300042-2 in compliance with the principles and conditions of the Helsinki Declaration. Results. Endometrial polyps, due to their prevalence, high frequency of abnormal uterine bleeding and the risk of malignancy, represent one of the most serious gynecological problems worldwide. The mutant allele with the rs11841589 polymorphism of the KLF12 gene and the CC genotype, according to the study, do not significantly increase the risk of developing endometrial polyps and endometrial cancer in women living in the Republic of Tatarstan. It is proved that the prevalence of alleles and genotypes is comparable to the European population. Conclusion. This study showed that 247 residents of the Republic of Tatarstan included in the study had no association of rs11841589 polymorphism of the KLF12 gene with the risk of developing endometrial polyps and endometrial cancer.

The purpose — to estimate the prevalence of rs2498796 polymorphism of the АКТ1 gene and reveal its association with the risk of endometrial hyperplasia. Material and methods. The study included 180 residents of the Republic of Tatarstan: 79 patients with endometrial hyperplasia, 101 women without endometrial pathology. Determination of rs2498796 polymorphism of the АКТ1 gene was carried out by the method of real time polymerase chain reaction. The study performed a χ2 test and evaluated the odds ratio. Results. The ratio of homozygous for the allele C (C/C), heterozygous (C/T) and homozygous for the allele T (T/T) rs2498796 of the AKT1 gene was in the main group 35 (44,3%), 30 (38%), and 14 (17,7%), in the control group – 46 (45,5%), 45 (44,6%), and 10 (9,9%) respectively. The frequency of the T allele and the C allele rs2498796 in women with endometrial polyps was comparable to that in the control group (χ2=0,81, р=0,37). Conclusion. Among 180 females of the Republic of Tatarstan included into the study, the associations of rs2498796 polymorphism of the АКТ1 gene with the risk of endometrial hyperplasia were not identified.

In our country and abroad in recent years as one of the main indicators of the status of nutrition, in addition to the body mass index, is the percentage of body fat, which can be determined by a fairly wide range of techniques. In the daily practice of a military doctor, there are often no complex and expensive devices to determine the fat component of the body, such as a widespread bioimpedance analysis of body composition. The article provides many options for determining the fat component of the body. It coliperometric facts technique (the technique of Durnin - Womersley, J. Matiegka in the modification of M. M. Dyakonov, Jackson - Pollock, Gallagher, and others) and circumferential techniques (methods, used in the naval and land forces of the United States of America, the methodology developed in the Y. M. C. A. and its modification). The results were compared with the results of bioimpedance analysis of body composition. To compare the accuracy of the coincidence of the results obtained by the methods used, the method of the mean square error of the model was used. Then the correlation analysis was carried out and regression models were built.The comparative analysis revealed the most informative methods of determining the fat component of the body, which are recommended to use in the practice of a military doctor at different levels of medical care for soldiers. Fat mass can be estimated by the percentage of fat in the body, determined using the caliper-Pollock method, in the presence of calliper- compass, or circumferential technique used in the naval forces of the United States of America.

Aim. To analyze the prevalence of different polymorphisms of AKT1 gene (rs2498796) and HEY2 gene (rs13328928) and to determine the association of revealed polymorphisms with the risk of endometrioid carcinoma in women living in the Republic of Tatarstan. Methods. 161 female citizens of Tatarstan were enrolled. The study group included 60 patients with endometrial cancer (endometrioid carcinoma) and the control group enrolled 101 women without endometrial pathology. The age of the subjects ranged from 41 to 91 years. The single-nucleotide polymorphism of AKT1 gene (rs2498796) and HEY2 gene (rs13328928) was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. We ran a 2 test and evaluated the odds ratio. Results. The risk of endometrial cancer was higher in carriers of homozygous T/T genotype of AKT1 gene (rs2498796) without statistical significance (OR=1.61, 95% CI=0.614.21, p=0.62). Homozygous C/C genotype of HEY2 gene (rs13328928) with the mutant allele C was observed in endometrial cancer group with a frequency of 0.383 and 0.287 in the control group (2=1.70, p=0.43). The risk of endometrial cancer was higher in the group of homozygous C/C genotype without statistical significance (OR=1.54, 95% CI=0.793.03, p=0.43). Conclusion. Among 161 females citizens of the Republic of Tatarstan included into the study, the associations of the mutant alleles of AKT1 gene (rs2498796) and HEY2 gene (rs13328928) with the risk of endometrial cancer were not identified; the prevalence of alleles and genotypes was found to be comparable with the European one.