No abstract

The objective was to study the corn silage with addition of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% glycerin, ensiled in experimental silos of PVC. At the opening of the silos there were evaluated the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM) and cell wall (IVDCW) and aerobic stability through measures of temperature and pH of silage at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours. In situ degradability of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber of silages were evaluated in fistulated cattle using samples incubated at 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hours. The experimental design was completely randomized design and statistical analyzes were performed using Bayesian inference. Increases were observed in DM, mineral matter (MM), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and reductions for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) as the inclusion of glycerin was higher. The content of total digestible nutrients (TDN) estimated in treatments with 5, 10, 15 and 20% glycerin, were superior to the control (P<0,05) range of 2.13, 8.95, 10.33 and 13.13% respectively. The temperature and pH of the silage with 10 and 15 and 20% glycerin remained lower than those levels (P<0.05) measured during silage and 20% glycerin showed high stability after 120hours. The IVDDM and IVDCW in corn silages with 15 and 20% were higher than the other (P<0,05). The effective degradability of DM fractions in passage rates of 2, 5 and 8% / h was better in silage with 15% and 20% glycerin. Glycerin has proved to be a great additive for corn silage being able to enrich the energy density, improving the degradability of DM and maintaining the aerobic stability of silage. Key words: Digestibility of dry matter, energy, aerobic stability, glycerol, pH, temperature ResumoObjetivou-se estudar a silagem de milho ensilada com 0, 5, 10, 15 e 20% de glicerina, em silos experimentais de PVC. Foi avaliada a estabilidade aeróbia por medidas de pH e temperatura da massa ensilada (TME) às 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 e 120h. Foi avaliada a composição química e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVMS) e da parede celular (DIVPC). Em três bovinos fistulados avaliou-se a degradabilidade in situ da matéria seca (MS), e a porcentagem de desaparecimento da proteína bruta (PB) e da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) incubadas em 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 e 96h. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualisado e as análises estatísticas realizadas por Inferência Bayesiana. Foram observados aumentos de MS, CNF, matéria mineral e a redução de FDN, PB, fibra em detergente ácido e extrato etéreo à medida que se aumentou a inclusão da glicerina. O NDT estimado nas silagens com 5, 10, 15 e 20% de glicerina, foi superior ao controle (P<0,05) variando de 2,13; 8,95; 10,33 e 13,13%, respectivamente. O pH e a TME das silagens com 10, 15 e 20% de glicerina se mantiveram inferiores (P<0,05) aos com 0 e 5% de glicerina no período avaliado, destacando-se a silagem com 20% de glicerina com maior estabilidade até 120...

No abstract

O trigo é um dos alimentos mais consumidos na dieta humana, contribuindo com cerca de 20 % das calorias diárias. Considerando a predominância de Fusarium graminearum neste grão, a contaminação por desoxinivalenol (DON AbstractWheat comprises one of the main ingredients in human diet, accounting for approximately 20 % of daily calories. Concerning the predominant frequency of deoxynivalenol (DON) producing Fusarium graminearum in wheat, DON occurrence in the State of Paraná (21 samples) and Rio Grande do Sul (15 samples), as well as the risk assessment of daily intake of DON in Londrina-PR, Brazil were evaluated. DON was detected in 72.2 % samples by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which ranged from non-detectable to 1,592.21 µg/kg, with average of 321.59 µg/kg (limit of quantification= 87.75 µg/