Complexes of copper with 1,4-diphenyl, 1,4-dimesityl, and 1-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4-(3,5-xylyl)-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene (abnormal NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) were prepared by consecutive treatment of the corresponding azolium salts with silver oxide and copper chloride. The new CuCl(aNHC) complexes efficiently catalyzed click reactions of azides with alkynes to give 1,4-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles in excellent yields at room temperature with short reaction times. CuCl(TPh) was particularly effective for the reaction between sterically hindered azides and alkynes.
A series of P,S ligands (ThioClickFerrophos) based on a triazoleferrocenylethyl backbone were synthesized in a fourstep sequence by click chemistry methodology. The new P,S ligands were applied in allylic alkylations, etherifications, and aminations of 1,3-diphenylprop-2-enyl acetate catalyzed
Phase response analysis of light-perturbed closed and aging Ru-catalyzed Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reactions with malonic, methyl-, ethyl-, butyl-, and phenylmalonic acids as organic substrates suggests two major responses of the light-perturbed Ru-catalyzed BZ system. One is the photoproduction of bromous acid (HBrO 2 ) in the beginning of the reaction when little bromoorganic species are present, while another response is the photoproduction of bromide ions in the presence of bromomalonic acid or bromomalonic acid derivatives. From this analysis the light-induced production of bromide ions directly from bromate can be excluded. The experimentally observed phase response curves agree well with calculations performed with the Oregonator model. An oxidative quenching mechanism for the photoproduction of bromide is suggested. Interestingly, during illumination of theRu(II)/MA subsystem, i.e., in the absence of BrMA and bromate, the oxidative quenching does also occur.
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