A novel endophytic filamentous bacterium strain A-T 7972, was isolated from wild orchid Grosourdya appendiculata (Blume) Rchb.f. collected in Thailand. The bacterium developed single non-motile spores with warty surface on substrate mycelia. The taxonomic position was described using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain A-T 7972 belonged to the genus Verrucosispora and shared the highest sequence similarity with V. lutea YIM 013 (98.71 %) and V. gifhornensis DSM 44337 (98.53 %). The values of DNA-DNA relatedness that distinguished this novel strain from its closest species were below 70 %. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The whole-cell sugars were mannose, ribose, glucose and xylose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4). The predominant fatty acids were branched fatty acids iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The diagnostic phospholipids profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 70.5 mol%. Based on its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic characteristics, the new isolate A-T 7972 (=BCC 50981=TBRC 6031=NBRC 112512) is proposed to be the type strain of novel species, Verrucosispora endophytica sp. nov.

A novel member of the actinobacteria, designated strain A-T 0013T, was isolated from humic soil on a bird’s nest fern (Asplenium nidus L.) collected from Khao Yai National Park in Thailand. According the results of a polyphasic taxonomic study, A-T 0013T had characteristics typical of members of the genus Gordonia . The 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that A-T 0013T shared ≤98 % sequence similarity with all members of the genus Gordonia . The most closely related species was Gordonia effusa IFM 10200T (97.92 % sequence similarity). The average nucleotide identity based on blast (ANIb) value with G. effusa IFM 10200T was 76.81 %. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The whole-cell sugars contained ribose, arabinose and galactose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H2). The predominant fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c), and C18 : 0 10-methyl. Mycolic acid was present. The polar lipid profile for this strain ncluded diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 66.1 mol%. Differentiation of A-T 0013T from the most closely related species, Gordonia effusa IFM 10200T, was evident from digital DNA–DNA hybridization values of 21.8 %. On the basis of the results of comparative analysis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, strain A-T 0013T is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Gordonia , for which the name Gordonia asplenii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A-T 0013T (=TBRC 11910T=NBRC 114549T).

A novel mycelium-forming actinomycete strain, designated A-F 0318T, was isolated from a yellow-ringed grass moth (Amata sperbius) collected from Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. Long chains of non-motile cylindrical spores with a smooth surface developed on aerial mycelia. The polyphasic taxonomic study suggested that strain A-F 0318T belonged to the genus Glycomyces . The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain A-F 0318T was closely related to Glycomyces harbinensis LL-DO5139T with 97.94 % sequence similarity. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) based on blast, ANI based on the MUMmer algorithm and average amino acid identity values of strain A-F 0318T with G. harbinensis LL-DO5139T were 86.9, 89.1 and 84.24 %, respectively. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization value between A-F 0318T and its closest relative, G. harbinensis LL-DO5139T was 33.8 %. The digital G+C content of the genomic DNA was 71.7 mol%. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The whole-cell sugars contained ribose, xylose, glucose and galactose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-10(H4). The predominant fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 1 G. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, two unknown phosphoglycolipids and one unknown phospholipid. Based on comparative analysis of genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, the novel actinomycete strain A-F 0318T (=TBRC 13612T=NBRC 115417T) represents the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Glycomyces amatae sp. nov. is proposed.