Background. Biomarkers are emerging, advanced diagnostic tools for the assessment of periodontal disease progression. Omentin-1 is an anti-inflammatory adipocytokine, which has been observed and studied in the saliva of periodontitis patients. Non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) is considered a vital part of periodontal disease treatment.Objectives. The study aimed to evaluate the interventional effect of NSPT on the levels of salivary omentin-1 in healthy (H) and chronic periodontitis (CP) patients. Material and methods.A total of 60 participants were selected and equally divided into 2 groups (group A: H participants, group B: CP patients). After obtaining verbal and written consent, whole unstimulated saliva was collected from all participants and analyzed for omentin-1 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results. Mean salivary omentin-1 levels were elevated and found to be significantly higher in group A (95.80 ±26.65) compared to group B (61.97 ±24.53). In group B, there was a substantial rise in omentin-1 levels from baseline to the 6 th week of follow-up (p < 0.001). Thus, NSPT had a positive influence on salivary omentin-1 levels in the treatment group.Conclusions. Salivary omentin-1 levels may serve as diagnostic and prognostic indicators of periodontal disease progression, and may be used to assess therapeutic outcomes in periodontitis patients.

inhibiting interstitial and extracellular collagenase, thus having the potential to reduce the progression of periodontitis. Here we compare and evaluate the aerobic and anaerobic microorganism’s CFUs (colony forming units) in plaque samples of Group A, Group B, Group C and severity of periodontal disease on day 0 and 7. Method. Forty-five subjects in age range 18-30 years were selected among undergraduate students and randomly divided into Group A: 15, 2% grape seed extract mouthwash (GSE), Group B: 15, 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash (CHX) and Group C: 15, distilled water (control). The supragingival plaque was collected into transport media. Kruskal Wallis test followed by Mann Whitney test was used to compare the mean CFUs [x103] of microorganisms and severity of periodontal disease was compared, by clinical parameters among all groups on day 0 and 7. Results. There was a significant difference concerning mean scores of all clinical parameters [P<0.001] and mean CFUs of microorganisms between 3 study groups [P=0.005] at 7 days post-intervention period. Intragroup comparison, mean scores were significantly reduced on day 7 as compared to day 0 at [P<0.001] in Group A and B, but no significant difference was noted with Group C.  Conclusion. Intervention with GSE mouthwash showed a positive effect on reducing CFUs in the plaque when compared with the control group. GSE group also showed similar results in reducing CFUs in plaque when compared to CHX group, thereby demonstrating the agent’s antimicrobial efficacy, therapeutic effect and its potential usefulness in controlling plaque and periodontal diseases.

Introduction: Oral health care providers should make some serious practice modications to curb the spread of COVID-19 in a dental setting, especially before periodontal treatment, due to the unique characteristics of dental procedures, a large number of droplets and aerosols are generated. We aimed to evaluate the knowledge, perception, attitude and awareness about the COVID-19 pandemic, practice modications made by oral health care providers (OHP) before periodontal therapy. Methods: A 25 Item questionnaire was structured and distributed among oral health care providers. A convenient sampling method was used for data collection (n=251), and the distribution of responses was presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: 251 participants out of whom 69.7% were 20-30 years, 6.8% of them were above 50 years of age and the male to female ratio 1:1.5, their educational status was BDS 44.6%, MDS 40.6% and Diploma in dental hygiene 14.8%, who mainly were practicing in urban dental setting (66.1%) their total Knowledge score was 6 (Bloom's criteria) and their source of data was WHO guidelines (78%). Personal Protective Equipment, used while performing aerosol-generating procedures for treating periodontal diseases, was disposable type 85% and reusable were only 15%. Audiovisual clips,Pamphlets, andPosters/Bannerswereusedby54.2%toeducatepatientsregardinglimitingthe spreadofCOVID-19. Conclusion: There is a need for regular educational interventions and training programs on infection control practices for COVID-19 across all oral healthcare professionals. Efcient and practical strategies are required by OHPto prevent, control, and contain the spread of COVID-19.

Periodontitis is primarily an infectious disease with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans present in plaque biofilm as the key pathogens, causing destruction of supporting periodontal tissues. Herbal formulations are widely substituting synthetic anti-microbials due to their minimal adverse effects and cost effectiveness. Murraya koenigii (M. koenigii) is a well-known anti-microbial agent used in treating systemic infections. Hence its anti-microbial efficacy against key periodontal pathogens also needs to be tested. The aim of this study is to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and zone of inhibition of M. koenigii ethanolic extract against P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans. Thioglycollate agar was used for culturing both P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans. For determination of MIC and MBC broth dilution technique was used. For MIC, serial dilutions of extract were made and culture tubes were incubated in an anaerobic jar and observed for their turbidity. For MBC determination, dilution tubes sensitive to MIC were plated and incubated for the next 24 hours to monitor growth, and colony count was taken. MIC results showed A. actinomycetemcomitans was more sensitive to M. koenigii extract than P. gingivalis and got inhibited at 0.8 μg/ml. Also, MBC results showed extract has strong bactericidal activity towards A. actinomycetemcomitans. Disk diffusion test results showed bactericidal activity against both A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis with a larger inhibition zone (15 mm) towards P. gingivalis at a concentration of 75 μl/ml. M. koenigii ethanolic extract is bactericidal against periodontal pathogens like A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis and can be used as a safe and effective alternative for synthetic chemotherapeutic agents in the future.