Skin conditions such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and even cancer can trigger inflammatory mechanisms and may become chronic if left untreated. 1 Involving various cellular types such as nerve endings, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, mast cells, endothelial cells, macrophages and inflammatory cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and lymphocytes), these dysfunctions represent a complex mobilization of defence systems, which release chemical mediators responsible for inflammation. 1,2 For example, histamine releases from mast cells and basophils increases blood supply, evoking hyperaemia that promotes vascular permeability and attracts inflammatory cells to the lesion site. Macrophages

Compositae is the largest family of flowering plants, with more than 1600 genera and 22 000 species. It has many economic uses in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceutics. The literature reports its numerous medicinal benefits and recognized anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, this study evaluated the technological trends of anti-inflammatory activity of Compositae, based on the survey of scientific databases, articles, and patents, as well as the website of the Brazilian National Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA), which is responsible for registering and controlling of healthcare and cosmetic products in the Brazil. The survey was conducted between 2008 and 2018, in the databases Science Direct, Lilacs, PubMed, and Web of Science (main collection), as well as the SciELO Citation Index. The patent survey was carried out on the basis of the Derwent Innovations Index, an important source for worldwide patent consultation, which covers 20 y of registered patents. Despite the numerous studies involving species of the Compositae family in different models of anti-inflammatory activity, there are few records of patents or products on the market from these species for that purpose. Some species have a traditional use and are present even in the Phytotherapic Summary of the Brazilian Pharmacopeia. This review confirms the therapeutic potential of Compositae for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs and reinforces the need to develop competencies and reduce technological bottlenecks to promote research and innovation in biodiversity products.

Solidagenone is the main active constituent present in Solidago chilensis Meyen which is used in folk medicine to treat pain and inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory activity of solidagenone in vitro and in a model of allergic airway inflammation. In vitro studies were performed in activated macrophages and lymphocytes. BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin and treated with solidagenone orally (30 or 90 mg/kg body weight) or dexamethasone, as a positive control in our in vivo analysis. Supernatant concentrations of nitrite, TNF and IL‐1β, as well as gene expression of pro‐inflammatory mediators in macrophages cultures, were reduced after solidagenone treatment, without affecting macrophages viability. Besides, solidagenone significantly decreased T cell proliferation and secretion of IFNγ and IL‐2. Th2 cytokine concentrations and inflammatory cell counts, especially eosinophils, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were reduced in mice treated with solidagenone. Histopathological evaluation of lung tissue was performed, and morphometrical analyses demonstrated reduction of cellular infiltration and mucus hypersecretion. Altogether, solidagenone presented anti‐inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo in the OVA‐induced airway inflammation model, suggesting its promising pharmacological use as an anti‐inflammatory agent for allergic hypersensitivity.

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Species in the Solidago genus are used worldwide due to the therapeutic activities of their flavonoids and terpenoids. Its anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, analgesic, diuretic, aquaretic, wound-healing properties as well as its ability to relieve burn and insect bites allow use in a variety of situations. This study was carried out to determine the metabolic profile of Solidago canadensis inflorescences (SCAI) to identify the species commercialized in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, and evaluate the medicinal potential compared to S. chilensis and SCAI, which is used in North America and Europe. The UFLC-PDA-ESI-TOF revealed the metabolic profile of SCAI, finding the pseudo-molecular ions and characteristic fragments, mainly flavonols (10) such as quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and its glycosides, as well as chlorogenic acid (CA). Eleven substances were identified, confirming the compatibility of the metabolic profile presented in varieties canadensis and scabra of european S. canadensis. The both contain the same flavonoid aglycones, and their glycosides are important chemical and biological markers for extracts and products based on species of the genus Solidago. UFLC-PDA-ESI-TOF characterized the extracts, which can help with quality control of raw plant materials and commercialized phytotherapeutics as well as for development of new products and phytomedicines.